A new oral polio vaccine, nOPV2, has become the first vaccine to pursue a WHO Emergency Use Listing. Many lessons were learned as part of the accelerated development plan and submission, which have been categorized under the following sections: regulatory, clinical development, chemistry manufacturing and controls, and post-deployment monitoring. Efforts were made to adapt findings from these studies to COVID-19 vaccine candidates. Specific concepts for accelerating COVID-19 vaccine development across multiple functional domains were also included. The goals of this effort were twofold: (1) to help familiarize vaccine developers with the EUL process; and (2) to provide general guidance for faster development and preparations for launch during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious and time-sensitive condition. MIs are typically seen in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and are caused by the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque due to factors contributing to plaque instability. However, this case illustrates that plaque rupture can also be caused by blunt trauma to the chest. Considering MI as a possible result of chest trauma may decrease time from presentation to diagnosis and treatment and, therefore, improve outcomes in similar cases, particularly when patients presents unusually or with very few risk factors for MI.

Exposure to zoonotic disease is a significant occupational risk in veterinary medicine. In this study, we characterized PPE use, injury frequency, and Bartonella seroreactivity in Washington State veterinary workers. Using a job exposure matrix developed to reflect occupational risk factors for exposure to Bartonella and multiple logistic regression, we explored determinants of risk for Bartonella seroreactivity. Depending on the titer cutoff used, Bartonella seroreactivity was between 24.0% and 55.2%. No significant predictors of seroreactivity were found, though the relationship between high-risk status and increased seroreactivity for some Bartonella species approached significance. The predictive power of the model was likely limited by the small sample size and high level of exposure to risk factors forof most participants. Given the high proportion of veterinarians seroreactive to one or more of the three Bartonella spp. known to infect dogs and cats in the United States, and the unclear relationship between occupational risk factors and seroreactivity, more research is needed in this area.