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Коротина Н.Ю. Методологические подходы к исследованию асимметричности отношений экономического федерализма Вестник ЮУрГУ. Серия «Экономика и менеджмент». 2018. Т. 12, № 2. С. 37-44 Коротина Н.Ю. Методологические подходы к исследованию асимметричности отношений экономического федерализма Вестник ЮУрГУ. Серия «Экономика и менеджмент». 2018. Т. 12, № 2. С. 37-44 Коротина Н.Ю. Методологические подходы к исследованию асимметричности отношений экономического федерализма Вестник ЮУрГУ. Серия «Экономика и менеджмент». 2018. Т. 12, № 2. С. 37-44 43 Коротина Наталья Юрьевна, кандидат экономических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой экономики, финансов и бухгалтерского учета, Челябинский филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ (г. Челябинск),

The strategic tasks of Russia in conditions of uncertainty and decrease in business activity, the need to stimulate a new quality of growth in the regional economy have revived a scientific discussion about the development of the system of federal relations, the ratio of centralization and decentralization in management decision-making. The purpose of the article is to clarify def-initions and analyze theoretical foundations of the space of economic federalism and its struc-ture, to develop a methodological approach to assessing decentralization / centralization in the context of managerial and economic (reproductive) metrics, as well as to analyze asymmetry as a basic characteristics of heterogeneity that has developed in the context of regions and macro-territories. The approbation of the methodology has allowed to compare the levels of decentrali-zation and asymmetry of the space of the Russian Federation in the context of regions. A less significant asymmetry of government decisions of a managerial and economic nature at the level of territorial zones of different functional status (centers of economic growth, geostrategic territo-ries, etc.) has been substantiated. The identified trends make it possible to substantiate the need for a new strategic format and application of regulation technologies, the specification of support measures in a territorial-functional context, that is, a combination of universal and the spatially oriented ones, what will allow capitalizing the advantages of decentralized solutions in the current model of economic federalism.

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of the functional status of regions in the system of economic federalism, which is associated with the high spatial heterogeneity of Russia, and explains the need to move from the model of economic fed- eralism, which combines the presence of universal institutions and institutional exceptions, to a model that takes into account the spatial diversity of ter- ritories. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the decrease in the heterogeneity of the economic federalism space when moving on to a model based on macro territories - groups of regions with the same functional status. Methods. The author uses methods of a mono- graphic review, logical and statistical analysis in the context of applying a spatial approach in studying the relations of economic federalism, as well as the concept of “smart specialization” in relation to the regions of Russia to differentiate the relationship of the federal center with the territories within the same specialization. Scientific novelty of the study. The article is the first to present a methodology for determining the functional status of regions, which is the basis for the subsequent formation of a model of relations between the federal center and macro regions. Results. The author proposes methods for deter- mining the functional status of regions and calcu- lating indicators that characterize the relations of economic federalism. The first methodology, based on economic and territorial criteria, makes it possi- ble to attribute each region of Russia to a group of macro regions according to their functional status. The second method makes it possible to substanti- ate a greater asymmetry of indicators character- izing economic federalism in the country as a whole than in the context of macro territories. Conclusions. Regarding the higher stability of indicators characterizing economic federalism by groups of macro-territories than in the country as a whole, the need for a transition to a flexible model of economic federalism based on differentiated measures and specific tools to support regions in the context of their functional specializations is substantiated.

Understanding the spatial features of the development of economic processes of federalism requires understanding the consequences that the formation and implementation of the policy of relations between the federal center and the regions. The goal of our present research is a theoretical justification of the content of the concept of "economic federalism" from the standpoint of a spatial approach. The novelty of the research lies in examining the relations of economic federalism not only within the framework of the state budget system, but also within the framework of interaction between state and market structures. The theoretical and methodological basis of this study is a set of scientific concepts in the field of economic federalism and spatial analysis. The author chose the method of econometric factor analysis for practical confirmation of theoretical concepts. This method made it possible to assess the impact on the level of economic development of the region of indicators of both the budgetary subsystem of economic federalism and the subsystem of interaction between state and market structures. With the help of the calculations, the positioning of the Russian regions was carried out according to the type of the existing economic environment of federalism.