International audienceGordon Brown’s first and main policy when nominated Chancellor in 1997 was to reform the monetary framework. This consisted of three major changes dedicated to maintaining price stability. From 1997 to 2007, the new framework seemed efficient, with Britain keeping moderate but constant growth and limited inflation. But the financial and economic crisis which started in 2008 changed the rules. Taking account of the two-year time lag, the expansionist interest rate policy applied since December 2007 first managed to prevent disinflation, but then led to accelerating increase in prices. Moreover, between the second quarter of 2008 and the third quarter of 2009, Britain’s growth rate remained negative, even despite the huge quantitative easing measures which took over from conventional interest rate policy. This paper will first analyse the monetary framework reform. It will then question its value, knowing that it obviously failed to prevent the crisis and to rapidly cure the recessionary situation
Le gouvernement britannique a tranché pour une sortie non seulement de l’UE, mais aussi du marché unique, avec un calendrier d’autant plus serré que les deux parties sont profondément opposées sur leurs objectifs principaux. Actuellement, la situation macro-économique du RU parait remarquablement résiliente, grâce à la croissance de la consommation des ménages encouragés par une politique fiscale moins austère sur certains aspects et une politique monétaire expansionniste. Cependant, les négociations s’annoncent compliquées dans des domaines tels que le règlement des engagements financiers britanniques en cours vis-à-vis de l’UE, l’immigration et le commerce. Les conditions du Brexit auront vraisemblablement des conséquences pour des pans entiers de l’économie britannique, dont les services financiers, la production automobile, l’industrie agro-alimentaire et l’éducation, pour ne prendre que quelques exemples parlants.
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