Background: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is considered to be benign in biological behavior, and its malignant transformation is extremely rare. There has only been one published case of primary hepatic lymphoma complicated by hepatic IPT.Case presentation: A 73-year-old man presented with obstructive jaundice and a pancreatic head mass. Histology of the mass revealed chronic pancreatitis with lymphoid follicle formation, leading to a diagnosis of a suspicion of follicular pancreatitis. After a choledochojejunostomy, a hepatic tumor was detected, and a biopsy revealed lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the polyclonal nature of lymphoplasma cells, indicative of an IPT. The hepatic tumor disappeared during follow-up, but the patient exhibited a high fever related to tumor recurrence. A biopsy revealed the co-existence of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and an IPT. IgG4-related disease was excluded because storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and a significant increase in IgG4-immunoreactive cells were absent in all investigated tissues. The tumor completely disappeared after chemotherapy.Conclusion: Careful observation is necessary in this kind of situation because the presence of a hepatic IPT may represent an increased risk of malignant transformation.Abbreviations: IPT: inflammatory pseudotumor; DLBCL: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; CT: computed tomography; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; sIL-2R: soluble interleukin-2 receptor; EBER: Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA; R-CHOP: rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone

Background: A relation between abdominal obesity and colorectal tumor development has been reported repeatedly, and is believed to be more remarkable in man than in women. However, the details vary depending on scientific reports. This may be due at least partly to the selected surface anthropometric index in addition to the influence of gender and ethnic groups. To cope with this, we considered a new index of abdominal obesity and evaluated its risk prediction potential. Materials and Methods: Six hundred ninety five Japanese (262 women and 433 men) who had a colonoscopy were studied. The new index was named as waist circumference to height index (WHI) and was calculated by the formula of waist circumference (

AIMTo evaluate the efficacy of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in Kanto Rosai Hospital.METHODSAll patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who underwent DAA prescription were enrolled in this study. The present study was a single center retrospective analysis using patients infected with HCV genotype 1 or 2. Resistance analysis was performed by using direct sequencing and cycleave PCR in genotype 1 patients treated with interferon (IFN)-free DAA. The primary endpoint was sustained virologic response at 12 wk after therapy (SVR12).RESULTSA total of 117 patients participated in the study, including 135 with genotype 1 and 42 with genotype 2. Of the 135 patients with genotype 1, 16 received protease inhibitor + IFN + ribavirin and all achieved SVR. Of the 119 patients who received IFN-free DAA (in different combinations), 102 achieved SVR and 9 failed (7/9 were on daclatasvir/asunaprevir and 2/9 on ledipasvir/sofosbuvir). Efficacy analysis was done only for 43 patients who received daclatasvir/asunaprevir. From this analysis, Y93 resistance-associated substitutions were significantly correlated with SVR.CONCLUSIONThe SVR rate was 98% for genotype 1 and 100% for genotype 2. However, caution is needed for HCV NS5A resistance-associated substitutions that are selected by HCV NS5A inhibitors because cerebrovascular adverse events are induced by some DAA drugs.

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Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with proliferative lesions in a variety of human epithelial types. A 38-year-old female presented with a diagnosis of urethral condyloma acuminatum. She underwent transurethral resection of the urethral condyloma. At that time, multiple (five) bladder tumors were simultaneously found and also removed by transurethral resection. Four of the bladder tumors were diagnosed as squamous papilloma, and the other was urothelial inverted papilloma. Postoperative course was uneventful. Genomic DNA was extracted from 10 μm thick sections of each bladder tumor as well as urethral condyloma. Then, 16 types of HPV DNA sequences were assessed with the PapiPlex method using genomic DNA samples extracted from each bladder tumor as well as urethral condyloma. HPV-11 was detected in DNA extracted from the urethral condyloma, while no HPV DNA sequences were positive in any of the genomic DNA samples extracted from the bladder tumors.