No abstract

Image subtraction operation has been frequently used for automated visual inspection of printed circuit board (PCB) defects. Even though the image subtraction operation able to detect all defects occurred on PCB, some unwanted noise could be detected as well. Hence, before the image subtraction operation can be applied to real images of PCB, image registration operation should be done to align a defective PCB image against a template PCB image. This study shows how the image registration operation is incorporated with a thresholding algorithm to eliminate unwanted noise. The results show that all defects occurred on real images of PCB can be correctly detected without interfere by any unwanted noise.