No abstract

Further studies in this area are needed due to the popular use of mobile telephones and relatively high exposure on developing brain.

Background:The humerus bone with coronoid-olecranon septal aperture have very narrow medullary canal and extreme anterolateral bowing proximally and/or extreme anterolateral compressed surface at distal part. Septal perforation might make nailing through a retrograde technique more difficult or possibly with an increased risk of iatrogenic fracture at the site of insertion. Coronoid-olecranon perforation might be very important in preoperative planning for successful nailing. Since the data available has been obtained from the ancient studies using the skeletal material, the present study is aimed at investigating originally the presence of the coronoid-olecranon septum perforation in the living subjects, using a radiographic method.Materials and Methods:The study was performed on direct radiograms and computed tomography of the elbow obtained from the 709 volunteers (367 males, 342 females).Results:The incidence of the perforation was found to be 8.6 %. Bilateral occurrence was found to be more common significantly. The highest incidence occurred in second decade.Conclusion:The present study suggests female prepronounced and left asymmetry in case of septal perforation. Bilateral occurrence from our study might be peculiar to the clinician.

Because of the possible risk factor for the health, World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the study with animals on the developing nervous system concerning the exposure to radiofrequency (RF) field. A few studies related to hippocampal exposure are available, which indicate the impact of RF field in some parameters. The present study investigated the effect of exposure to mobile phone on developing hippocampus. Male and female Swiss albino mice were housed as control and mobile phone exposed groups. The pregnant animals in tested group were exposed to the effects of mobile phone in a room possessing the exposure system. The left hemispheres of the brains were processed by frozen microtome. The sections obtained were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin. For cell counting by the optical fractionator method, a pilot study was first performed. Hippocampal areas were analyzed using Axiovision software running on a personal computer. The optical dissector, systematically and randomly spaced, was focused to the widest profile of the pyramidal cell nucleus. No significant difference in pyramidal cell number of total Cornu Ammonis (CA) sectors of hippocampus was found between the control and the mobile phone exposed groups (p > .05). It was concluded that further study is needed in this field due to popular use of mobile telephones and relatively high exposure to the developing brain.

In healthy humans and patient with schizophrenia, studies investigating cerebellar asymmetries have been performed by using magnetic resonance images (MRIs), which have failed to demonstrate the presence of the left-right asymmetry. Due to the paucity of animal studies in this field, the present study was undertaken to investigate whether the dog cerebellum shows any pattern of volumetric asymmetry. A total of 16 adult mongrel dogs, 8 male and 8 female, were assessed with respect to pawedness. After the animals were anesthetized and killed by exsanguinations, the cerebellum was removed and divided into the anterior and the posterior lobes by a dissection passing into the fissure prima. The volumes of the right and left hemispheres were separately calculated by a volumetric device. The present study demonstrated significant volume asymmetries as to right-left, sex and pawedness in dog cerebellum. Morphological asymmetries in dog cerebellum might relate to cerebral specialization of function. Further studies need to be performed to demonstrate the relationship between cerebellar asymmetries and functional lateralization.