which led to more than 483 deaths (237 men and 246 women) and approximately 10,000 injuries. About 70,000 people were homeless, and some villages were completely destroyed (Figure 1). Celebrities played a significant role in helping the people of Sarpol-e Zahab, an Iranian city that was hit particularly hard. They established various campaigns for collecting supplies and cash donations for the victims, collaborated with Red Cross Red Crescent centers and other relief agencies for support, and offered their sympathy to the people and victims of Sarpol-e Zahab. This tremendous support and response motivated others to join in their efforts to raise money for the victims by sponsoring charity concerts, performing plays and activities for children, as well as holding an artwork auction.

No abstract

In November 2017, a disruptive earthquake occurred in Western Iran. After the major earthquake in Kermanshah, most affordable buildings such as a hospital in Islamabad and a dozen schools were destroyed. According to experts, a dangerous location (construction on the fault), poor quality of concrete, inappropriate connection of the facade to the structure, the use of undesirable construction materials, and low quality of non-structural components are considered as the main reasons for these damages. Regarding the role of government in the developing countries, construction policies should be modified and new policies should be implemented to enhance the structural and non-structural resilience in the buildings.