Synthesis, characterization, enzyme assay, DNA binding and antimicrobial activity of a monomeric complex of CuII with tinidazole: significance of the controlled formation of the nitro radical anion.

A monomeric complex of ZnII with ornidazole [Zn(Onz)2Cl2] decreases formation of the nitro-radical anion (R–NO2˙−), and this is realized by recording it in an enzyme assay using xanthine oxidase, which is a model nitro-reductase.

This study developed a fast and high throughput dot-blot technique to evaluate the presence of Entamoeba in stool samples (n = 643) followed by a PCR-based method to validate and differentiate the two species E. histolytica and E. dispar. The prevalence rate of the parasite has been detected in a cross-sectional study carried out in the population of the Eastern and Northern parts of India. Of the various demographic features, prevalence was highest in the monsoon season (P = 0·017), in the <15 years age group (P = 0·015). In HIV-positive individuals, the prevalence rate was significantly high (P = 0·008) in patients with a CD4 cell count <200 as well as in patients without antiretroviral therapy (ART) (P = 0·011). Our analysis further confirmed that risk factors such as toilet facilities, living conditions, hygienic practices, drinking water source, occupation and level of education are important predictors as they were found to contribute significantly in the prevalence of the parasite.

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