Age, growth, length‐weight relationship, sex ratio, stages of maturity and fecundity of the greenback mullet in Shatt Al‐Basrah Canal, an estuary in Southern Iraq, were studied from February 1985 to January 1986. Age and growth determinations were made from scales from 538 fish ranging from 145 to 310 mm total length. Females (age groups I to VI) were slightly longer than males (age groups I to IV) and their growth, analysed by length‐weight relationship, followed very closely the cubic‐law for isometric growth, but males grew more slowly. The annual average male: female sex ratio was 1.0: 1.4. Monthly examinations of stages of maturity produced abundant gravid fish in February. The maximum values for the gonadosomatic index were obtained in February and March. The smallest mature male and female were respectively 137 and 142mm long. The fecundity ranged between 133 224–295 065 for fish ranging from 182 to 243 mm total length. Although eggs or newly hatched larvae were not found in the Canal, fry 27–40 mm in length were captured from April to June. Spawning appears to occur in the Arabian Gulf, not far from Shatt Al‐Basrah Canal.

Somebiological aspects and morphological for Coptodon zillii inhabiting at Al-Tharthar Arm-Tigris River were studied during the period from April to September 2016. The growth pattern was positive allometric with (b) values for males 3.392, females 3.192, and for combined sexes 3.30. Condition factor values were lower than one and increased with size rangesbetween1.265and1.984 with an average of 1.665for combined sexes.Fish considered as herbivorous, six food items found in the diet, filament algae was the most important food item that occupied 57.84% of the diet, followed by plants particles' and their seeds 27.08% and organic materials 12.38%. The percentage of food items by both methods differed between sexes. The research cover, the ratios of each of twenty morphometric measurements to total length, and each of four morphometric measurements to head length and their linear regression equations. All the length-length relationships between standard length and the others measurements were highly correlated.

Biological aspects (size composition, length-weight relationship, condition factor, food habit and reproduction season), and morphological of Mastacembelus mastacembelus inhabiting Al-Tharthar canal studied during the period from April to September 2012. The growth pattern was negative allometric with (b) values for males 2.680, females 2.845 and for combined sexes 2.597. Condition factor values were lower than one, ranged from 0.183 to 0.432 with average 0.282 ±0.053 for combined sexes. Food items from stomach collected and analyzed using both points and frequency methods. Two food items found only in the diet. M. mastacembelus is a predator, the males preferring fish while the females preferring fish and crustacean (prawns). The research cover, the ratios each of sixteen morphometric measurements to standard length, and each of four morphometric measurements to head length and their linear regression equations. All the length-length relationships between standard length and the others measurements were highly correlated except head depth, body depth and body width, and for head length, head depth only.  

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