Enzyme preparations were isolated from post-mortem adrenal tissue of a patient with lipoid adrenal hyperplasia and normal human- and bovine adrenal tissue. Cholesterol-cleaving properties were studied in incubation experiments with the addition of appropriate substrates. Cholesterol-cleaving activity of enzyme preparations of adrenal tissue from the patient was extremely low as compared with normal controls. There was no difference in 20α-hydroxycholesterol-cleaving activity. There is thus evidence for a deficient 20α-cholesterol-hydroxylase activity in the adrenal tissue of this patient with lipoid adrenal hyperplasia.
The term ermine phenotype has been chosen to describe patients with white hair with black tufts. The patients also have sensorineural hearing loss. This rare phenotype may come about either by failure of migration of melanocytes or by an autoimmune mechanism. Examples of each are cited. The authors describe a possible third type. Comparison with other pigment loss-sensorineural hearing loss syndromes is made.
SUMMARY
The clinical features of two female infants with incontinentia pigmenti and evidence of neurological abnormality are described. In one infant a neuropathological examination revealed a prenatal malformation of the cerebral cortex (micropolygyria) and unilateral pyramidal hypoplasia. There were also signs of a destructive process which had occurred later in development and which was characterised by some small cavities in the central white matter, sclerotic atrophy of a few cerebral gyri and patchy foci of neuronal loss in the cerebellum.
RÉSUMÉ
Les auteurs décrivent les caractéristiques cliniques de deux nouveaux nés du sexe féminin avec incontinentia pigmenti et evidence de malformation neurologique. Chez un des nouveaux nés un examen neuropathologique a révélé une malformation prénatale du cortex cerebral (micropolygyrie) et une hypoplasie pyramidale unilatérale.
Il y avait aussi des signes d'un processus de destruction qui était survenu à un stade plus tardif du développement et qui était caractérisé par de petites cavités dans la matière blanche centrale, l'atrophie sclérotique de quelques circonvolutions cérébrales et des foyers irréguliers de perte des neurones dans le cervelet.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Die klinischen Merkmale zweier weiblicher Kleinkinder mit incontinentia pigmenti und neurologischen Anomalien werden beschrieben. Bei einem der Kleinkinder ergab die neuropathologische Untersuchung eine praenatale Anlagestörung der Hirnrinde (Micropolygyrie) mit einseitiger Hypoplasie der Pyramiden. Es fanden sich auch Anzeichen eines destruktiven Vorganges, der während eines späteren Entwicklungsstadiums aufgetreten war mit kleinen Hohlraumbildungen in der weissen Substanz, mit sklerotischer Atrophie einiger Hirnwindungen und mit herdförmigem Untergang von Neuronen im Kleinhirn.
RESUMEN
Se describe el cuadro clínico de dos lactantes afectas de incontinentia pigmenti con evidencia de anormalidad neurológica. En una de las lactantes un examen neuropatológico reveló una malformación cerebral (micropoligira) e hipopoplasia piramidal unilateral. Había también signos de un proceso destructwo que había ocurrido más tarde en el desarrollo y que caracterizaban unas cavidades pequeñas en la materia blanca central, atrofia esclerórica de algunas de las circunvoluviones cérébrales, y focos esparcidos de daño neuronal en el cerebelo.
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