At present, there are important changes in scientific research, changes that concern both the organization, realization and evaluation of research, as well as the use and dissemination of scientific results. These changes that are characteristic to the Open Science phenomenon are determined by the development of new technologies, by increasing the social role of scientific research in an institutional and political context. The Open Science concept represents a new approach to the way in which scientific research based on cooperation and new ways of disseminating knowledge is carried out and organized, using new digital technologies, new tools for collaboration, and RDI infrastructure to ensure open access to research data. The paper presents the results of the study on mapping research data in the Republic of Moldova. The study is based on results of two surveys conducted in January-February 2016 and May-July 2018. The research has highlighted the general concern of RDI actors about the retention and use of scientific data. A new challenge is needed to solve scientific data issues by creating new type of infrastructure to ensure data archiving, broad access for the purpose of their dissemination and reuse, and thus creating new research opportunities based on research data.

According to the Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies (ROARMAP) only 8 research institutions from the Republic of Moldova (12%) approved an Open Access Policy (OAP). All these institutions are universities and none is a research institute or research funder, although research and development activities in the Republic of Moldova are funded basically from the state budget. The paper contains analysis of the situation regarding Open Access Institutional Policies in the Republic of Moldova. Results of a study regarding the attitude of Moldovan academia to open access to research outputs and identified problems on this issue are presented in this work. Emphasis is given to tools and information systems like Institutional Repositories (IRs) that promote open access for research outputs. The paper reveals the barriers for adoption and / or implementation of an open access policy in a research organization and provides ways for their overcoming.

Open Science becomes the basic concept in organizing and conducting the research and development process. The opening of the process of research and communication of science is supported and promoted both at the international level and at the national level in many countries through science policies and actions. At present, no Open Science policy is approved at the national level in the Republic of Moldova, but there are actions, undertaken by various organizations or within some projects, that promote this concept. And recently, the national authority in the field of science policy has been concerned about the promotion of Open Science principles in the country. Policy development and implementation of Open Science principles is difficult without involving all stakeholders and without knowledge of the current situation, both in terms of technical and legislative issues, and especially in terms of awareness of the need and willingness of people to contribute to this process. In this context, we set out to carry out this study, taking into account the insufficient level of debates and analyzes on Open Science subject carried out in the Republic of Moldova. Its purpose is to determine the attitude, the level of awareness and involvement in issues related to Open Science and its elements in the Republic of Moldova, which will serve to develop Open Science policies and instruments at national and institutional levels.

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