Background Mesonephric adenocarcinoma (MNAC) is a rare tumor of the female genital tract, which originates from mesonephric duct remnants. Its diagnosis is pathologically challenging, because MNAC may exhibit a mixture of morphological patterns that complicates the differential diagnosis. Case presentation The patient in this case was a 48-year-old woman with a polypoid mass protruding into the endocervical canal. The patient underwent a total hysterectomy outside the institution. During biopsy, the mass showed a cerebroid aspect. Histological study revealed a tumor with a predominantly tubular and ductal growth pattern. The immunoprofile showed negative staining for calretinin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEAm), estrogen receptors (ER), and progesterone receptors (PR), and positive staining for CD10, p16, and PAX2. The Ki-67 score was 46%. Using a next-generation sequencing assay, we documented genomic alterations in KRAS and CTNNB1 , low tumor mutation burden (TMB), and an absence of microsatellite instability. In addition, gain of the long arm of chromosome 1 (1q) was also documented using chomogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). Three years later, the patient presented pulmonary nodules in the lingula and left basal lobe that were resected by thoracotomy. The histopathologic study of the pulmonary nodules confirmed the presence of metastases. Conclusion Carcinomas of mesonephric origin are among the rarest subtypes of cervical tumors. We report the first case of mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the cervix with lung metastases showing a CTNNB1 gene mutation.

Key Clinical MessageSebaceous glands are very rarely found in the esophagus. Existing reports do not contain sufficient epidemiological, etiological, clinical, or prognostic data. Its histogenesis suggests heterotopia or metaplasia. Despite its extreme rarity, correct and generally easy identification enables establishing the proper patient monitoring.

IntroductionPolymelia, or congenital duplication of a limb, is an extremely rare entity in humans, with few cases reported in the literature.Case presentationWe present the case of a six-month-old Hispanic boy born with a lower limb bud on the left posterior thigh.ConclusionThe infant had a favorable outcome and evolution after surgical treatment of his supernumerary limb, with no after-effects or impairment whatsoever.

Malignant lipomatous tumors of the vulva are an extremely rare entity. We report the case of a 53-year-old patient with a nodule on her right labium majus whose histological and immunohistochemical profile (S100 and p16) confirmed a diagnosis of vulvar myxoid liposarcoma.