Background : The use of biomaterials to replace autogenous grafts has been the object of study, and has shown promising results. Aim/Hypothesis : The objective of this study was to verify the effects of βtricalcium-phosphate and low-power LASER on the alveolar healing. Materials and Methods : 96 rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus Wistar) were used, being 24 rats for analysis of calcified cuts and 72 rats for analysis of decalcified cuts. All animals underwent extraction of the upper right central incisor and were then divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each: Group CO (Control), Group BTF (Biomaterial), Group LS (low-power LASER), Group BTFL (LASER biomaterial) low power). The animals in the decalcified groups were euthanized at 7.14 and 28 days and the animals in the calcified groups only at 28 days. The jaws were removed and subjected to histological and histometric analysis in the decalcified sections and microcomputerized tomographic analysis (Micro-Ct) in the calcified sections. The data obtained were submitted statistical analysis. Results : Micro-Ct analysis showed bone tissue formation in all groups, but there was no difference between experimental and control groups. Histometric analysis showed a greater presence of statistically significant neoformed bone tissue in LS at 7 days when compared to other groups. Conclusions and Clinical Implications : Thus, it was concluded that the low-power LASER accelerated the early stages of the alveolar healing.

Background : New methods of surface modification have been studied with promising results. Among these, the surface modification by laser beam stands out, which has the advantage of clean processing with a high degree of purity, in addition to being executed in a controlled and reproducible way. Aim/Hypothesis : The aim of this study was to characterize the surface of dental implants (cp-Ti) modified by laser beam surface with or without hydroxyapatite deposition and compare with maCHINAd surface and sandblasting followed acid conditioning surface commercially available. Materials and Methods : The surface employed in this study were laser beam surface (LS), laser beam surface with hydroxyapatite deposition (LHS), maCHINAd surface (MS) and sandblasting followed acid conditioning surface commercially available (SES). Topographic characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy coupled to the x-ray dispersive energy spectrometry system (SEM-EDX), roughness, cross-sectional roughness, contact angle, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and laser confocal optical perfilometry. The data obtained by the roughness statistical analysis. Results : The SEM of LS and LHS showed rough surfaces with a more regular and homogeneous morphological pattern. MS showed smooth surface, contaminated with machining residues while SES presented morphological pattern of craters, with peaks, and valleys of different depths and sizes. The EDX showed Ti peaks and great peaks of oxygen for LS and SS. The MS presented only peaks of Ti and SES Ti peaks and small peaks of O. The mean roughness values of LS and SS were statistically higher (P < 0.05) than MS and SES. The roughness values in cross section were 21.76 ± 9.05 μm and 35.31 ± 9.77 μm respectively for LS and LHS while cross section of SES and MS were 2 ± 1 μm 0.43 ± 0.19 μm respectively. The contact angle of LS and LHS was 0º, allowing high wettability. The XRD of MS nad SES showed only Ti peaks, while LS and LHS showed the presence of oxides and nitrides and presence of hydroxyapatite. Conclusions and Clinical Implications : In view of the results obtained, it was concluded that the texturizations performed in the LS and LHS implants promoted important modifications in the topography and physical-chemical properties. Acknowledgements : The authors would like to thank so much Titanium-Fix-AS Technology for implants and disks and would like FAPESP

Background : In the face of large bone losses or large areas of resorption, procedures for bone grafts are necessary to reestablish the appropriate volume and alveolar contour, in order to provide implant-supported rehabilitation. Tissue engineering has been working to find a biomaterial capable of resembling the properties of autogenous bone. Aim/Hypothesis : This study evaluated the histological and histomorphometric biocompatibility of βtricalcium phosphate (Cerasorb ® M) deployed in critical bone defects made in the calvaria of Wistar. Materials and Methods : Twenty male adults rats (mean weight of 300 g) were select, in which bone defects were created in the center of the skull. Full-thickness bone defects were created with a 7.0 mm trephine. The cavities of the control group were filled with blood clot and received the membrane of cortical bovine bone. In the experimental group, cavities were filled with β-TCP and then inserted the same membrane used in the control group. The animals were euthanized after 15 and 45 days postoperatively. The histological sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. Histomorphometric evaluation was performed using the Merz grid, quantifying the presence of newly formed bone and the qualitative and descriptive reviews of the presence of inflammatory cells, the bone formation and resorption of biomaterials in both groups were performed. Data were described using frequencies and percentages. The Fisher exact test in order to cross the variables using as significance level of P < 0.05 was used. Results : Bone formation was present and was proved by histometric analysis where at 15 days, 35.3% presented the newly formed bone in the control and 43.7% in the experimental group and the group at 45 days 45.8% in the control group and 65.2% in the experimental group. At 15 days, between the particles, immature granulation tissue was present in all specimens of the control group (100%) and in three specimens Cerasorb ® M group (60%) with no significant difference. However, at 45 days, the same phenomeNO was present only in the control group, in all specimens (100%) with significant differences across the experimental group (P = 0.004). Mature granulation tissue at 15 days, it is showed only in Cerasorb ® M group in two specimens (40%). However, the 45-day period, this phenomeNO was observed in both groups with 100%. The histometric results were clear in showing that the Cerasorb ® M served as osteoconductive and bone formation was more effective after degradation or phagocytosis of particles. Conclusions and Clinical Implications : It was observed that in later times, the bone defect was filled in all specimens characterized by connective tissue at 15 days by immature granulation tissue and at 45 days, by immature and mature granulation tissue. It was found that the β-TCP is a biocompatible and osteoconductive material.

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