Öz Doğa ve kadın sömürüsüne dikkat çekmeyi hedefleyen ekofeminizm, ekoloji ve feminizmin sentezinden oluşan sosyal bir harekettir. Ekofeminizm teorilerini, eril hâkimiyet ile doğanın sömürülmesi arasındaki ilişki üzerine kurmuştur. Doğanın ve kadının sömürülmesinin nedenlerini de batı felsefesinin düalist bakış açılarına dayandırmışlardır. Bu doğrultuda eleştirel bir yaklaşım getirmişler ve çözüm önerileri sunmuşlardır. Ekofeminizmin savunduğu görüşler de çevreci aktivistler ve feminist
ÖzetGülme eylemi, sadece neşe ve mutluluğu ifade etmez, diğer bir yanıyla alaycı bir tavrı da açığa çıkarır. Alaycı yıkıcılığından rahatsızlık duyulan gülme eylemi, tarih boyunca kontrol altına alınması gereken toplumsal bir durum olarak görülmüştür.
On Seriousness of Art: The Act of Laughing in the 17 th Century Dutch Painting AbstractLaughing reveals not only joy or happiness but it also reveals a cynical attitude. Because this cynical destructivism is nervewrecking, through history, laughing is treated as a social condition that needs to be under control. Western art, progressed parallel to beliefs, developed a serious attitude towards the depiction of laughing due to the bans of Christian doctrines.Following this, it is seen that individuals who commissioned a painting demanded to be depicted in serious-looking postures that can represent their wealth and social status, since a loud laugh showing teeth is believed to demote social status.However, different from other kinds of Western art in 17th century Dutch art, peasants and the poor laughing with showing teeth are depicted. The aim of this paper is to present how new artistic styles flourished in 17th century Holland after Protestantism express the ironic state of laughing and laughter. Therefore, this paper examines the historical process of the act of laughing through a socio-cultural analysis and as a result it denotes the place of the act of laughing in art.
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