Rendimiento del frijol ayocote y maíz del agrosistema asociado en función del número de plantas por mataYield of ayocote bean and maize in an associated agrosystem in function of the number of plants per hill

<p><strong>Background</strong>. The ayocote bean (<em>Phaseolus coccineus </em>L.) is a leguminous native of the temperate zones of the Mexican territory, with great potential for use and exploitation by the population. However, information on its growth and mineral nutrition for its production is scarce. <strong>Objective.</strong> Determine the dynamics of growth, biomass production, grain yield and its components in the cultivation of runner beans in a cultivation system with nitrogen fertilization. <strong>Methodology</strong>. The trial was carried out under field conditions, under a rainfall regime during 2014 in Montecillo, State of México, México; with temperate clime. The purple runner bean cultivar was sown with applications of 0, 75 and 150 kg ha^-1of nitrogen fertilization. Variables were recorded as number of green leaves, leaf area index, total biomass and grain yield with its components. The study was developed using an experimental design that was randomized complete blocks with four replications. <strong>Results</strong>. With the treatment of 150 kg ha^-1of nitrogen, the highest values were obtained, such as the number of green leaves, 240 m²; leaf area index, 7.75; leaf area length, 277 days; total biomass, 566 g m² and grain yield 363 g m² with respect to the control. With the same treatment, the organs with the highest accumulation of dry matter were: grain and stem with 39%. <strong>Implications</strong>. Whit the supply of nitrogen, the biomass and the yield of the runner bean can be increased. This contribution can help the producers of this crop. <strong>Conclusions</strong>. The application of nitrogen to the soil increases the leaf area index, its duration, growth rate, biomass and crop yield. The highest profitability in runner beans is achieved with the application of 150 kg ha^-1 of nitrogen.</p>

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la producción de materia seca total, rendimiento de grano, sus componentes y rentabilidad en tres genotipos de maíz en respuesta al nitrógeno y biofertilizante, en clima templado. El estudio se estableció en Montecillo, Estado de México. Los tratamientos consistieron en la siembra del maíz criollo Michoacán 21, una variedad sintética HS-2 y el híbrido Promesa, los cuales fueron inoculados con biofertilizantes, en diferentes niveles de nitrógeno 0, 80 y 160 kg ha-1. A madurez fisiologica se evaluó la materia seca total (MS), rendimiento de grano (RG) y sus componentes. Adicionalmente, se realizó un análisis económico. La aplicación de biofertilizante y nitrógeno ocasionó incrementos en la producción de MS, RG y sus componentes en función del genotipo utilizado. Michoacan-21 presento un efecto positivo con el uso de biofertilizante en la MS y RG. En general, la mayor MS se logró con la aplicación de 160 kg ha-1 de nitrógeno en el genotipo HS-2 y en el caso del RG el más alto fue con Promesa y nitrógeno a 160 kg ha-1, el cual presentó el mayor ingreso neto y total.