Angiomyolipoma (AML) is classified as perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasm (PEComas) and is commonly seen in the kidney. AML is a solid mesenchymal neoplasm rarely encountered at the extrarenal site. Extrarenal AML is infrequently seen in the female genital tract. Four cases of AML of the cervix have been reported in the literature to our knowledge. We report a case of a 44-year-old female patient who presented with complaints of “lower abdominal pressure” and a history of post-coital bleeding and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. A cyst in the uterine cervix was found incidentally on computerized tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis. The patient underwent a loop electrosurgical excision procedure. The histologic and immunohistochemical features of the cervical biopsy favored the diagnosis of AML. The patient underwent a laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy. Grossly, a 4 cm white soft-to-firm mass was identified within the anterior lip of the cervix. Microscopy of the mass showed smooth muscle proliferation with prominent blood vessels, and scant mature adipose tissue trapped in between the smooth muscle bundles. Immunohistochemical stains showed smooth muscle actin (SMA) and desmin highlighting the smooth muscle component of AML. The histology and immunohistochemistry of the cervical mass in the surgical specimen were identical to the biopsy specimen and a diagnosis of AML was made.

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing complex treatments are highly vulnerable to readmission. Limited studies have been performed to compare the 30-day readmission rates and causes in AIS patients treated with Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA), mechanical thrombectomy (MT), and both. Methods: We obtained national readmission dataset (NRD 2014), a subset of Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) to analyze the 30-day readmission estimates from January to November 2014 after excluding elective readmission. The AIS patients undergoing IV-tPA and MT were identified by using ICD-9 diagnosis codes 99.10, V45.88 and 39.74 respectively. We used SAS 9.4 version for data analysis and SURVEYMEANS procedure was used to measure readmission rate. Discharge weights were provided by HCUP applied to produce national estimates. Results: The NRD contained 341621 admissions (weighted N =741129) of AIS patients in 2014. After excluding elective readmissions, all cause 30-day readmission rate was 10.64%, 13.07%, and 10.66% for IV-tPA, MT and combined treatment group. The top causes of unplanned readmission in all 3 groups were infections and acute cerebrovascular disease. The next common causes for readmission were congestive heart failure, acute renal failure in MT group, transient cerebral ischemia and congestive heart failure in IV- tPA group whereas, cardiac dysrhythmia and complications of medical and surgical care in combined group. Other causes are shown in Table 1 . Conclusions: Infections and acute CVD were the most common culprits of readmissions in all 3 groups. Amidst the ongoing debate over advantage of adding IV-tPA in stroke patients undergoing MT, the insights into 30-day readmission rates and causes comparison will help to strategize post-AIS preventive care to lower down the readmission rates and health care burden.

The abnormal levels of serum calcium and phosphorus are mostly seen in diseases of bone, kidney, tuberculosis, parathyroid diseases etc. The present study is aimed to measure the serum total calcium and phosphorous levels in HIV infected patients and in healthy controls. This cross sectional case-control study was conducted at Department of Biochemistry, NRI Medical College and General Hospital, Chinnakakani, Guntur, AndhraPradesh. A total of 90 HIV positive patients were taken as cases and 90 healthy subjects served as controls. Patients with congestive heart failure, liver diseases, diabetes and hypertension were excluded from the study. Seropositivity of all 90 HIV patients was confirmed by HIV TRI-DOT test. 5 ml of venous blood sample was collected after taking aseptic precautions from the study subjects. Serum was used for theestimation of Calciumby O-Cresolphthalein complexone method and Phosphorus by Fiske and Subbarow Method.In this study, HIV positive patients had significantly reduced mean serum calcium (8.02±0.86 mg/dl) and phosphorous (2.68±0.65 mg/dl) levels compared with healthy subjects. The present study may conclude that serum levels of calcium and phosphorus were decreased in HIV positive patients, suggesting that the levels of calcium and phosphorous should be closely monitored.

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Background: An epidemic of diabetes is currently, both in developed and developing nations. The seriousness of the association of pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus was first noted by the great Arab Physician Avicenna nearly 1000 years ago. The global figure of people with diabetes is projected to rise from the current estimate of 220 million to 300 million in 2025. Subjects and Methods: All type 2 diabetic patients reporting to MVJMC and RH will form the subjects for study. The study conducted over a period of 2 yrs. Adult patients with diabetes mellitus with pulmonary tuberculosis were included while Diabetic patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis were excluded from the study. Results: LDL- 18% of the patients had an LDL value below 100. 40% of the patients had LDL value between 100 – 120. Only 42% of the patients had LDL values between 120-140. HDL: 22.0% of the patients had an HDL value below 30. 24% of the patients had HDL values between 30 – 40. Only 36.0% of the patients had HDL value between 40-50 and 18% of the patients had an HDL value between 50-60. Triglycerides: 56.0% of the patients had Triglycerides value below 150. 42% of the patients had Triglycerides value between 150 – 199. Only 2.0% of the patients had Triglycerides value between 200-499. Conclusion: Male preponderance of the disease was noted and Peak incidence of the disease was noted in the age groups of 31 – 40 and 41 – 50. The majority of our patients had poorly controlled blood sugars, suggesting that severe hyperglycemia is associated with the development of pulmonary tuberculosis and sputum positivity was more in patients aged ≤ 50 yrs. Early diagnosis and properly monitored treatment regimen is the only time tested answer to this problem.