As a source of animal protein, beef has a strategic value in the Indonesian economy. National beef production growth is slower than that of consumption. It leads to an increased import. Lower growth of national beef production is due to low productivity of beef cattle. One of steps to achieving beef self-sufficiency policy is beef cattle productivity improvement through optimizing artificial insemination (AI). This study aims to analyze the impact of technology improvements through increased application of AI dosage on the performance of beef cattle industry, the livestock subsector, and forecasting beef self-sufficiency achievement in Indonesia. This study utilized annual time series data from 1990 to 2011. The data were analysed using an econometric model with simultaneous equations. Parameters were estimated using a Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) method. Forecasting domestic beef production and demand uses the econometric models. Results of the study reveal that (a) increasing dosages of AI applications will increase domestic cattle population and beef production, lower domestic beef prices, increase national beef demand, as well as improve GDP and employment of livestock subsector, (b) technological improvements by increasing dosages of AI application will accelerate achievement of beef self-sufficiency in Indonesia.