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Arisaema langbiangense (Araceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Langbiang Mountain, Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, Lac Duong District, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. A morphological comparison between the new species and its closest congeners and a key to all known species of Arisaema sect. Anomala in Vietnam are given.

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Typhonium vietnamense is described as a new species from Vietnam. It is most similar to Typhonium varians but differs in a combination of leafy and floral characters. In addition, T. khonkaenensis is newly recorded for Vietnam, leading to exclusion of T. violifolium from the national flora. An updated key to all known species of Typhonium in Vietnam is given.

Analysis of chloroplast DNA sequences (trnL intron and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer) of the helophytic colony-forming Aglaodorum griffithii (Schott) Schott and other representative species of Araceae supported its placement within Aglaonema Schott. It is therefore proposed that Aglaodorum Schott should be recognised as a generic synonym of Aglaonema.