Mangrove forest plays a very important role for both ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation. In Vietnam, mangrove is mainly distributed in the Mekong delta. Recently, mangrove areas in this region decreased rapidly in both quality and quantity. The forest became bare, divided and scattered into many small patches, which was a major driver of ecosystem degradation. Without a quantitative method for effectively assessing mangrove health in the regional scale, the sustainably conserving mangrove is the challenge for the local governments. Remote sensing data has been widely used for monitoring mangrove distributions, while the characterization of spatial metrics is important to understand the underlying processes of mangrove change. The objectives of this study were to develop an approach to monitor mangrove health in Mui Ca Mau, Ca Mau province of Vietnam by utilizing satellite image textures to assess the mangrove patterns. The research result showed that mangrove areas increased double by 2015, but the forest had become more fragmented. We can be seen those changes in land use mainly come from land conversion from forest to shrimp farms, settlements areas and public constructions. The conserving existing mangrove forest in Mui Ca Mau should consider the relations between mangrove health and influencing factors indicated in the manuscript.

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This study examines the impact of CSR practices on employee work engagement and intention to stay in the hotel industry during the COVID-19 pandemic. It draws on Social Exchange Theory and Stakeholder Theory to analyze the effects of CSR on employee outcomes. The empirical analysis utilizes an ordered logit model and Likert scale data collected from hotel workers. The findings contribute to understanding the role of CSR in attracting and retaining talented employees and building sustainable tourism economies. By employing the ordered logit model, this study provides a robust statistical approach to uncover the relationships between variables. The findings have implications for hotel industry practitioners and policymakers in promoting CSR practices and improving employee engagement and retention.

The article presents research on the factors affecting the effectiveness of the internal control system, thereby finding out the relationship between the effectiveness of the internal control system and the competitiveness of enterprises. The data was surveyed at 150 enterprises in Binh Duong province and processed through SPSS 20.0 software. The results show that there are 6 factors affecting the effectiveness of the internal control system. The control environment is a factor that strongly influences the effectiveness of internal control. The effectiveness of the internal control system affects the competitiveness of the enterprise. From the research results, the article has proposed some managerial implications for the relevant units.