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The significant differences in DNA methylation that are considered to be a biomarker for the diagnosis of cancer are a barrier to the application of biomarkers in the clinical field. In the present study, new primers were designed and further standard controls were set up to validate the accuracy of the methylation‑specific PCR (MSP), a method widely used to analyze DNA methylation. By analyzing the methylation pattern of breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and estrogen receptor (ER) in 60 patients with breast cancer, the number of cases of methylated BRCA1 and ER detected by the primer was 7/60 and 21/60, respectively, whereas that detected by the previous widely used primers was 25/60 and 47/60, respectively. Sequencing of the MSP products indicated that the 18 and 26 false-positive methylations of BRCA1 and ER, respectively, were due to insufficient validation of the previously used primers. Thus, the present study proposes that all studies based on the MSP approach should incorporate more controls to validate the precision of the MSP primers.

The presence of O–H⋯O/S conventional hydrogen bonds in the complex governs a significant blue shift of Csp2–H bonds.

This work analyzes the quality of the restored forests with the prevalence of the Dipterocarpaceae family tree species in Binh Chau – Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Vietnam. To predict the number of plants in each diameter class, we verified the correspondence of theoretical distributions with an empirical distribution N - D. A theoretical model is best described by an exponential distribution. To establish natural regeneration, we determined the structure of renewed tree species and their relative thickness. The similarity between the composition of renewed plants and the composition of parent plants was determined by the Sorensen coefficient. A natural regeneration of 14 plant species is observed under the canopy of the Shorea formation. The similarity coefficient between the composition of the maternal stratum and renewed plants is 20.3%. This indicates that generations of renewed plants can alter the composition of maternal plants in the upper stratum. The analysis of the distribution structure of diameters and the similarity coefficient between the composition of the maternal tree and the renewed trees showed that the Shorea formation in the Reserve is in the process of succession to achieve a higher hierarchy of environmental stability, i.e., the climax stage.

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