A soil fertility status inventory work was carried out in some villages of Khordha and Bhubaneswar blocks belonging to Khordha district located in the North-Eastern Ghats Agro Climatic Zone of Odisha, India. Results show that soil texture of the villages under investigation varied from loamy sand to clay loam. Clay content varied from 2.4 to 34.0 percent. Soil pH ranged between 4.24 and 6.93 and electrical conductivity of the entire study area remained below 1 dSm -1 . Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) content ranged between 1.1 to 11.6 g kg -1 . Available nitrogen content in these soils was found to be varying between 50.0 to 225.0 kg ha -1 . Available Bray"s phosphorus content varied from 11.3 to 2326.5 kg ha -1 . Available soil potassium content varied widely from 37.6 to 458.3 kg ha -1 . CaCl 2 extractable soil sulphur varied from 2.17 to 11.02 mg kg -1 . Hot water soluble boron content ranged from 0.91 to 2.68 mg kg -1 . All the figures in lower range were found in upland soils while the higher values for all the parameters were found in low land soils.

The policy of development has resulted in the development of the few and impoverishment of the many. The developmental model adopted by independent India has encountered conflicts over the issues of livelihood and environment. The unplanned development and industrialization have not only led to problems of livelihood and environmental degradation but also fueled the livelihood and the environmental movements. The quest for rapid growth and industrialization has caused serious imbalances in nature. In this context the present article tries to study the relationship between development and environment. This study tries to analyses different model of development prevailing in different parts of the world. The major focus of this study is on how the current model of development leads to environmental degradation. This study also focuses on how the current model of development is challenged and how it leads to the demand for a new model of development.