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APOLLON (NCT02924311) was a prospective observational study to evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) over 24 months in routine clinical practice in France. The primary endpoint was mean change from baseline in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA; Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters) by 12 months, and safety was monitored throughout the study. Of 402 patients enrolled across 61 participating clinics and hospitals in France, 168 patients were followed for at least 24 months and included in the effectiveness analyses (79 treatment-naïve and 89 previously treated). After 24 months of IVT-AFL treatment, the mean (± standard deviation [SD]) change in BCVA from baseline was + 6.5 (± 10.7) letters in treatment-naïve patients (p < 0.001) and + 1.6 (± 17.0) letters in previously treated patients (p = 0.415) from a baseline of 63.8 (± 13.6) and 60.5 (± 16.5) letters. The mean number of IVT-AFL treatments over 24 months was 11.3 (± 4.9) and 11.9 (± 4.7) for treatment-naïve and previously treated patients. This final analysis of the APOLLON study indicated that following 24 months of IVT-AFL treatment in routine clinical practice in France, treatment-naïve patients with DME achieved significant gains in visual acuity and previously treated patients maintained prior visual acuity gains.Trial registration number: NCT02924311.

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