The intermediary system is a special measure designed to support the participation of vulnerable witnesses in the judicial system. In Chile, this model was initially incorporated in six regions with the application of Law 21.057 in October 2019. The measure establishes that a specially trained professional from the criminal justice system must facilitate communication during a trial between the court and child victims or witnesses of sexual or other serious crimes through the use of a linked room. This study analyses the perceptions of intermediaries and other members of the justice system in relation to the first year of implementation of the intermediary system based on information obtained through the use of focus groups and a survey. The results show an overall positive assessment of the experiences with and functioning of the ‘judicial intermediation’ and portray some of the best practices and facilitating conditions for the correct operation of the scheme as well as the difficulties and challenges for other Chilean regions and countries.
La Ley 21.057 introdujo la técnica de Entrevista Investigativa Videograbada (EIV) para prevenir la victimización secundaria de niños, niñas y adolescentes víctimas de delitos sexuales y otros delitos graves y recoger sus testimonios de manera adecuada y respetando sus derechos. Cerca de la mitad de los entrevistadoras/es acreditadas para realizar estas labores provienen de Carabineros de Chile y Policía de Investigaciones, por lo que resulta fundamental conocer sus competencias. En este estudio se evaluó a 61 profesionales quienes condujeron una entrevista simulada con intérpretes del rol de niños, niñas y adolescentes víctimas antes y después de su participación en sus Cursos Iniciales de Formación Especializada (CIFE), ejecutados entre 2018 y 2020. En línea con experiencias nacionales e internacionales, los resultados muestran que hubo un aumento sustancial de la formulación de preguntas que promueven el relato libre de las víctimas y una disminución significativa de las preguntas menos recomendadas o nocivas para estas. Se observaron también algunas ventajas en el desempeño de profesionales mujeres y con experiencia o conocimientos previos en EIV, relevando la necesidad de la formación y práctica continua para nivelar las competencias.
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