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The aim of this paper is to estimate the potential impacts of different COVID-19 scenarios on the Italian energy sector through 2030, with a specific focus on transport and industry. The analysis takes a multi-disciplinary approach to properly consider the complex interactions of sectors across Italy. This approach includes the assessment of economic conditions using macroeconomic and input-output models, modelling the evolution of the energy system using an energy and transport model, and forecasting the reaction of travel demand and modal choice using econometric models and expert interviews. Results show that the effect of COVID-19 pandemic may lead to mid-term effects on energy consumption. The medium scenario, which assumes a stop of the emergency by the end of 2021, shows that energy-related emissions remain 10% lower than the baseline in the industry sector and 6% lower in the transport sector by 2030, when compared with a pre-COVID trend. Policy recommendations to support a green recovery are discussed in light of the results.

Coffee-growing areas are located within the Western, Rift Valley, Central Kenya and Mt Kenya regions, as shown in figure 1. Kenya grows Arabica coffee that is globally recognized normally blended and upgraded with other relatively inferior brands. Coffee is grown in the high potential areas between 1,400 and 2,200 metres above sea level, with temperature ranging from 15°C to 24°C , in red volcanic soils that are deep and well drained.Over 99% of Kenyan coffee is Arabica, whose main varieties are SL 28, SL 34, K7, Ruiru 11, Batian and Blue Mountain.