Neonatal enteric fever is a rare but life-threatening illness. Patients may present with varying severity, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi causing more severe illness than Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi A. Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi A is considered to cause milder infection with fewer complications. We report a rare case of vertical transmission of Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi A with severe complications and high mortality. Eventhough there are case reports of vertical transmission of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, to our knowledge, this is the first case report of vertical transmission of Salmonella enterica serotype ParatyphiA. The role of blood culture in accurate diagnosis and treatment is also discussed. [Indian J Pediatr 2007; 74 (8) : 784-786]

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Urinary problems in pregnancy are a frequent occurrence. While most of the associations are mild and can be medically managed, there can occasionally be more sinister situations, which require emergent surgical interventions. We report a case of acute ureteral obstruction in pregnancy secondary to urolithiasis causing renal failure. The patient underwent a stent placement at 23 weeks of gestation leading to resolution of the symptoms and an improvement in clinical course. A high degree of clinical suspicion and a appropriate and timely intervention is imperative to prevent long-term renal damage and improve neonatal outcomes.