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This study was carried out in the agricultural area surrounding al Kufa Cement Plant in al Najaf Governorate, which is located in Al-Manatherah district. The study included the collection and analysis of soil, dust and plant samples as well as conducting some blood tests for the residents in the study area. The results showed that the mass concentration of dust suspended in the summer was higher than the rest of the other seasons in all the studied sites. The highest TSP concentration was recorded at location C, 1798.1 mg / m3, and the site D was indicated as the highest concentration of lead at 0.5623g/m 3 Cadmium recorded the highest value in site C within summer concentrations with a concentration of 1.2863 g/m 3 .For the measurement of the heavy elements of the water extract of the plants, it was found that the leaves of the grape sample No. 2 achieved the highest concentration of heavy elements iron, cobalt, cadmium and lead which reached (0.1657, 0.3197, 0.5106, 0.2109 mg / m3 respectively).The study showed that there were clear differences in the number of infections of diseases and their proportion between the two districts ( Al-Manathera and Al Kufa), where it was found that the highest rate of bronchitis in the district of Al-Kufa, reached 48,298 in compared with the number of infections in the district of Al-Manatherah, which was 18,620. The highest number of bacteria and fungi were observed at distance of 10 km,1km (278.3 x 10 6 , 65.8 x 10 4 CFU g -1 soil) from the cement plant ,and the lowest were observed at distance of 6 km,1km (184.9x10 6 ,33.5 x10 4 CFU g -1 soil),respectively, from the cement plant.

This study was conducted in the microbiology laboratory of the ecology department, faculty of science, in order to evaluate the effect of Bombax ceiba leaves extract and Pleurotus ostreatus fungi filterate to treat some of dermatophytic fungi. A bout 50 samples of infectious fungi were collected for isolation. The samples that isolated from skin scraps, human nail clippings, and the fingers were diagnosed as Aspergillus fumigantus which was (41.57%) followed by Aspergillus niger of (37.36%) while other isolated fungi represented 22% on (SDA) medium. The results showed that the epidermis is the most infected by the fungus which reached (54%) in compared with the rest of the body, also the results indicated that the percentage of infection of males was more than females which was 64%The results also, showed that the tested samples on SDA medium, were highly sensitive (100%) to the extract of bombax ceiba leaves in compared with the other antimicrobial artificial agents (Griseofulvin, Miconazole, Nystatin, ketoconazole. wheras the inhibition diameters for studied fungi were 2.5 mm,2mm.1mm and 0 mm, respectively, While the inhibitory effect of the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus filterate was found to be less than susceptibility from the bombax leaves extract which was 75% of petridish area.

A field study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of four microbial insecticides viz. Beauveria bassiana; HaNPV (Helicoverpa armigera Nuclear Polyhedrosis virus); (Bacillus thuringiensisvar.kurstaki 2 gm/L); HaNPV+Bt; neem oil; neem cake and D.D.V.P EC 76% @0.05% at Research Farm SHIATS,Allahabad during rabi season of 2011-2012. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with seven treatment and replicated thrice. The observation larval populations of H. armigera were recorded one day before treatment was recorded at 3,7, and 10 days after treatments. The larva population of H. armigera appeared in the third week of February (8 the Standard week) and reached its peak of 14.65 larvae in first week of April and decline rapidly with maturation of crop. There was only one peak in the larval population observation in the 1st week. Bacillus thuringiensis was the most effective chemical by D.D.V.P.76%@0.05% . Among the microbial insecticides. HaNPV ,was the most effective followed by HaNPV+Bt and neem cake . The combination treatments were less effective than the individual treatment neem oil and B. bassiana were the least effective treatment in reducing the larval population of Heliverpa armigera.

The purpose of the study is to ascertain the biological variety of the fungi living in the Bahr Al-Najaf depression's soil and water. wherethe study session was split into two seasons, with the first season beginning in mid-October and the second in mid-January. With threeduplicates for each location, three water sample collection sites and three soil sample collection sites were chosen. In this study, thewater and soil of Bahr Al-Najaf were used to identify 51 fungal isolates, which were distributed as follows: 34 fungal isolates for thefirst season and 17 fungal isolates for the second season. The fungus isolated during the first season by molecular diagnostics andpolymerase chain reaction technology were two isolates of (A. caespitosus) (C. cladosporioides)3 isolates, (A. niger) 4 isolates, (A.tubingensis) 2 isolates, (A. oryzae)) Two isolates, (A. flavus) 4 isolates, (A. terrus), 4 isolates, (Alternaria arborescens) one isolate,(C. allicinum) one isolate, (Talaromyces helices) one isolate, (C. iridis), one isolate, (Metarhizium anisopliae) one isolate,(Moesziomyces aphidis) one isolate, (F. solani) one isolate, ( Talaromyces funiculosus) one isolate, (Neurospora tetrasperma) oneisolate, (Trichoderma longibrachiatum) one isolate, (A. Irpex) [1] isolate, (A. niveus) [1] isolate.As for the fungal isolates isolated in the second season, they are Fusarium sp (2) isolates, Mucor racemosus (4) isolates, Mucor sp(2) isolates, Paecilomyces sp (3) isolates, A. ibericus (1) isolate, Plectosporium tabacinum (1) isolate, A. fumigatus (1) isolate,Paecilomyces variotii (1) isolate, A. niger (1) isolate, F. culmorum (1) isolate.Five fungal isolates have been recorded globally:(C. allicinum, Moesziomyces aphidis, Talaromyces helices, Neurospora tetrasperma, A. turcosus).