Background Alcohol use is typically established during adolescence and initiation of use at a young age poses risks for short- and long-term health and social outcomes. However, there is limited understanding of the onset, progression and impact of alcohol use among adolescents in India. The aim of this review is to synthesise the evidence about prevalence, patterns and correlates of alcohol use and alcohol use disorders in adolescents from India. Methods Systematic review was conducted using relevant online databases, grey literature and unpublished data/outcomes from subject experts. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed and applied to screening rounds. Titles and abstracts were screened by two independent reviewers for eligibility, and then full texts were assessed for inclusion. Narrative synthesis of the eligible studies was conducted. Results Fifty-five peer-reviewed papers and one report were eligible for inclusion in this review. Prevalence of ever or lifetime alcohol consumption ranged from 3.9% to 69.8%; and prevalence of alcohol consumption at least once in the past year ranged from 10.6% to 32.9%. The mean age for initiation of drinking ranged from 14.4 to 18.3 years. Some correlates associated with alcohol consumption included being male, older age, academic difficulties, parental use of alcohol or tobacco, non-contact sexual abuse and perpetuation of violence. Conclusion The evidence base for alcohol use among adolescents in India needs a deeper exploration. Despite gaps in the evidence base, this synthesis provides a reasonable understanding of alcohol use among adolescents in India and can provide direction to policymakers.

Data centers are becoming increasingly popular for their flexibility and processing capabilities in the modern computing environment. They are managed by a single entity (administrator) and allow dynamic resource provisioning, performance optimization as well as efficient utilization of available resources. Each data center consists of massive compute, network and storage resources connected with physical wires. The large scale nature of data centers requires careful planning of compute, storage, network nodes, interconnection as well as inter-communication for their effective and efficient operations. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey and taxonomy of network topologies either used in commercial data centers, or proposed by researchers working in this space. We also compare and evaluate some of those topologies using mininet as well as gem5 simulator for different traffic patterns, based on various metrics including throughput, latency and bisection bandwidth.

Due to the variety of neurological abnormalities that these patients experience, the neuro-oncological population effectively conveys the complexity of neurological disability. Also, because of treatment advancements, patients with brain tumors live longer and need rehabilitation services. Even if their importance in this environment is acknowledged and their role is growing, the nurse's position in the interdisciplinary specialty of neurorehabilitation is not precisely defined. The study aims to determine the fundamental skills that neurorehabilitation nurses should possess, which might be taught in a specialty course. According to the literature, advancing medical professionals' scientific and practical knowledge is necessary for the growth of rehabilitation. This organized training curriculum could be included in graduate nurse continuing education programs and undergraduate nursing education programs. For nurses to provide better overall care and care management for patients with extremely complex disabilities, such as those affected by brain tumors, they must become experts in neuro-rehabilitation. The next step will be to begin debating the creation of a specialization program in neurorehabilitation nursing at the level of scientific associations related to neurorehabilitation and cancer.

Drugs commonly used in modern medicine for suppression of pain and fever provide only symptomatic relief and long-term use of these drugs is associated with serious adverse effects. Recently, some evidences suggest that Nigella sativa inhibit eicosanoid generation in leukocytes and lipid peroxidation. They are reported to inhibit both cycloxygenase and 5-lipooxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism. The present study was aimed to evaluate the analgesic activity of pure compound, thymoquinone the major constituent of Nigella sativa seeds in mice. The analgesic activity was determined by hot plate, tail immersion, tail flick method and acetic acid induced writhing test in mice. Thymoquinone (10, 20, 30 mg/kg, body weight) and Aspirin (20mg/kg) made as suspensions prepared in 1% carboxy methyl cellulose and were fed to mice intraperitoneally. In tail flick method thymoquinone exhibited maximum analgesic effect at a dose of 30mg/kg after 120 min as compared to control and standard. Maximum analgesic effect was noted at a dose of 10 mg/kg after 120 min. the poor analgesic effect of thymoquinone at a dose of (20 and 30 mg/kg) as compared to control and standard drug by hot plate method. However with writhing test the thymoquinone showed maximum protection at a dose of 30 mg/kg (98.23%). The thymoquinone have minimum effect showed at dose of 10 mg/kg (69.72%) and 20 mg/kg (42.26%) as compared to standard and control. But in tail immersion method thymoquinone exhibited maximum activity after 120 min at a dose of 20 mg/kg as compared to control and standard drug while at a dose of 30 mg/kg the compound did not showed any further enhancement in analgesic activity. It is concluded from the present study that thymoquinone the major constituent of Nigella sativa possesses potent analgesic activity in mice. Keywords: Thymoquinone, Nigella sativa, Hot plate, Tail immersion, Tail flick method, Acetic acid induced writhing test