The need for more dweller-oriented approaches to the development of residential environments is widely agreed upon. In the theoretical discussion, the concept of affordances has been seen as promising in grasping the desirable dwelling features and how they become meaningful in everyday uses. However, the concept has been used surprisingly little in empirical housing studies. This article introduces an inventive method to study affordances and contributes to the understanding of the concept by reflecting its usefulness in the context of housing research. The method consists of focus group interviews guided by participant-produced photographs, which allows the participants more freedom to define what they consider meaningful in their dwellings. The results reveal some desirable dwelling features largely uncovered by the public or scholarly discussions yet. From residents' perspective, developing higher quality housing means paying greater attention to the mundane "secondary spaces", the sensory experiences and the related atmospheric qualities, as well as the continuums between interior and exterior spaces. The results also emphasize an active role of the resident in discovering and shaping the affordances.
Analysis of regioisomers of triacylglycerols of northern currant seed oil by tandem mass spectrometryCurrant oils have special health properties due to their moderate contents of a-linolenic, g-linolenic and stearidonic acids. The distribution of fatty acids (FA) in the triacylglycerols (TAG) may affect the beneficial effects. Seed oils of wild northern red currant (NRC) (Ribes spicatum L.) from Northern Finland and of wild alpine currant (AC) (R. alpinum L.) from the South-West coast of Finland were investigated. The purified TAG were analysed by tandem mass spectrometry by applying the ammonia negative ion chemical ionisation -collision-induced dissociation method. Molecular weight fractions rich in C18:3 FA and C18:4 FA were investigated. Of the total oil, the molecular weight species 54:7 (ACN:DB), 54:8 and 54:9 were more abundant in NRC than in AC, being 21.0%, 15.8%, 7.4% and 16.2%, 11.2%, 4.8%, respectively (p ,0.05). The species 52:6 was more abundant in AC (3.1%) than in NRC (2.6%) (p ,0.05). The preferential order of FA to be in the sn-2 position in both berries was typically C18:1 . C18:2 . C18:4 . C18:3. No difference was observed between relative locations of C16:0 FA and C18:3 FA in either of the oils. Within the TAG consisting of FA combinations C18:3/C18:3/C18:1 (54:7), C18:1 was more preferentially in the sn-2 position (p ,0.05) in AC (93.2%) than in NRC (74.6%), and in the case of C18:3, the preference was vice versa. Within the molecular weight species 54:9, FA combination C18:4/ C18:3/C18:2, linoleic acid preferentially occupied the secondary position (p ,0.005) in both berries, and the proportion of the TAG regioisomer pair sn-C18:3-C18:4-C18:2 1 sn-C18:2-C18:4-C18:3 was more abundant (30.2%) in NRC than in AC (15.3%). Within the TAG species 52:6, proportions of all the existing combinations, C16:0/C18:3/ C18:3, C16:0/C18:4/C18:2 and C16:1/C18:3/C18:2, varied between the two berry species (p ,0.005).
Asukas- ja käyttäjälähtöinen suunnittelu vaatii tuekseen laajempaa ymmärrystä asumisen arjesta ja asukkaiden kokemuksista, joista tulisi suodattaa suunnittelulle hyödyllistä tietoa. Artikkelissa vastataan haasteeseen tarkastelemalla asukkaiden näkemyksiä asumisen koetuista laatutekijöistä. Tarkastelu perustuu tarjoumateoriaan, jota sovellettiin osallistavaa valokuvamenetelmää hyödyntävien fokusryhmähaastattelujen analyysissa. Tulokset nostavat esiin sellaisia houkuttelevan asumisen aineksia, joita on käsitelty vähän tutkimuskirjallisuudessa. Jotta tulokset palvelisivat mahdollisimman hyvin asukas- ja käyttäjäkeskeisen suunnittelun tiedontarpeita, on niitä reflektoitu erityisesti tästä näkökulmasta.
Aim A lack of stored iron, indicated by low serum ferritin, has been associated with various clinical symptoms. There are no longitudinal data on the frequency of ferritin measurements in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 2834 children aged <18 years with serum ferritin and other anaemia‐related blood parameters taken during an outpatient visit between 2012 and 2019 were investigated. Patients with acute infections were excluded. Nationwide temporal and regional variations and correlations with public information searches through Google were analysed. Results A significant increase in the frequency of ferritin measurements was seen starting in 2018, with a 47‐fold rise in 2019 compared to 2012. A simultaneous escalation in Google Search activity was seen. Deficiency of stored iron was relatively common: 21.6% of children with normal haemoglobin and 14.9% of non‐anaemic children with normal red cell indices exhibited ferritin levels below 15 μg/L. Conclusion Ferritin measurement has increased greatly among children and adolescents. Our results suggest that public interest and popular trends can significantly influence health care practices. This calls for further investigation into the causes and consequences of such a phenomenon. Prospective randomised intervention studies are needed to evaluate the utility of iron supplementation in patients with low iron storage levels.
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