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The mechanism of good corporate governance is used to prevent the management of the company from engaging in unethical actions, such as the earnings management. It can be an effective way to control management. This study aims to analyse corporate governance, consisting of the size of the board of commissioners, the size of the sharia supervisory board, and the audit committee on financial performance, measured as return on assets (ROA), with earnings management as the mediating variable. The sample used for the study consists of nine Indonesian shariah banks and the period of analysis is 2013-2017. The results of the path analysis show that the size of the board of commissioners has a negative effect on the company's ROA. The study also finds that the size of the sharia supervisory board, audit committee and earnings management do not have significant effects on financial performance. Earnings management has a positive mediating role on the relationship between the board of commissioners, the audit committee and ROA. This finding indicates that the existence of the board of commissioners is effective in supervising the management. Thus the mechanism corporate governance can limit the managers' discretionary behavior and prevent earnings management.

This study assesses the status of the current level of market orientation among the Government-Linked Companies (GLCs) in Malaysia. This study collected primary data based on a set of questionnaire survey among 134 executives and managers of GLCs in Malaysia. The data were collected based on opinions of the ten factors of market orientation practices by using the five-point Likert scale. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. On an average, 86.6% of the respondents agreed that they focus on these factors of market orientation. The federal owned GLCs place more emphasis on market orientation than the state owned GLCs. This study suggests improving the practices of market orientation of GLCs in Malaysia by emphasizing on providing close attention to after-sales service, responding rapidly to the threats of competitive actions, regularly discussing the competitors’ strengths and strategies by top management, and freely communicating successful and unsuccessful customer experiences across all business functions. It is suggested that Malaysian GLCs should serious invest in market orientation to deliver higher accountability outcomes.

Strategic management accounting (SMA) practices play important roles in supporting decision making and strategic plan positioning in a firm. SMA practices comprise a range of useful and relevant techniques to facilitate a firm’s value.  Through these techniques, a firm would be able to achieve competitive advantage and sustain economic growth, which leads to long-term performance. Recently, the role of SMA techniques in enhancing business performance has become the focus of many studies, unfortunately, studies that accessing the adoption of SMA practices in organizations particularly in Malaysia are not widely available. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent of SMA practices in public interest companies in Malaysia called Government Linked Companies (GLCs). Through SPSS analysis of data collected from 215 questionnaires, the study shows that top management of GLCs has a better understanding of SMA practices due to extensive use of SMA techniques which discovered from the findings and believe that it can benefit their organization. This paper has enriched the literature and provided an assessment of SMA practices for researchers and practitioners which can improve competitiveness in the industry, business prosperity, and secure long-term performance.

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