Background: Release of metallic ions, especially nickel and chromium, present in orthodontic fixed appliance attachments such as brackets and archwires has been a basis of concern in current years. The present study was conducted to assess nickel and chromium level in gingival crevicular fluid in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Forty patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment were divided into 2 groups of 20 each. Group I was fixed orthodontic treatment group and was given nonfluoridated toothpaste and Group II was fixed orthodontic treatment group and was given fluoridated toothpaste. The assessment of salivary nickel and chromium levels was done using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results: In group I, there were 6 male and 14 female and in group II 7 males and 13 females. The mean nickel level (ng/ml) before treatment in group I was 0.49 and in group II was 0.52, on 7th day was 0.52 and 0.54, on 30th day was 13.4 and 100.2, and on 6th month was 0.54 and 0.52 in Group I and II, respectively. The mean chromium level (ng/ml) before treatment in Group I was 0.48 and in Group II was 0.52, on 7th day was 0.52 and 0.53, on 30th day was 40.6 and 62.4 and on 6th month was 4.9 and 0.52 in Group I and II, respectively. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The release of metal ions such as nickel and chromium was more with fluoridated toothpaste as compared to nonfluoridated toothpaste in patients undergoing fixed orthodontics.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of an orthodontic toothbrush in comparison to a normal toothbrush. Materials and methods:The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received Colgate orthodontic brushes for oral hygiene maintenance whereas, and group B received normal toothbrush. Data of the patients regarding their age, sex, type of toothbrush, gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were collected. Results:The average plaque index of group A using an orthodontic brush before orthodontic brackets were 1.37, and two months after bonding was 1.48. The average plaque index what patients using a conventional brush before putting brackets was 1.41, and 1.67 at the end of two months. The gingival index in group A at the baseline was 1.44 and 1.48 at the end of two months. Similarly, the gingival index of group B at baseline was 1.46 and 1.72 at the end of two months. Conclusion:There is no significant difference in the clinical efficacy of both the type of brushes in the patients who are undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Background: Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) are hereditary deformity of craniofacial structure. Temporomandibular disorder has number of clinical problems affecting muscles of mastication and its associated structures. There are several methods used to evaluate temporomandibular dysfunction (MRI, etc), Helkimo index is a settler in advancing indices, other indices used are CMI, MFIQ, FONSECA. The design of the following study was to evaluate the TMJ disorders in UCLP, if any, and compare with the non-cleft cases. Methodology: Total 30 patients aged 16 to 20 years, will be selected from the patients coming to smile train Out Patient Department (OPD) of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Wardha. The total cases will be divided into two groups: a) Group I -   unliteral cleft lip and palate cases b) Group II - non cleft class I cases Digital records of the patient (lateral cephalogram, photograph, models) will be taken and stored. Helkimo, MFIQ, CMI, Fonseca will be recorded on all patients participated in study. The Helkimo index will be taken to assess the presence and severity and   MFIQ index will be taken to assess mandibular functioning in cleft cases based on the questionnaire. Expected Results: The dental apparatus (interdental relation of maxillary and mandibular dentition) plays an important role in the temporomandibular joint's well-being. Trauma due to the occlusal instability has definite effect on the TMJ in long run. Cleft is always associated with inter jaw malocclusion and therefore TMDs in the cleft patient is thought to occur. The treatment protocol for grown cases with severe skeletal malocclusion is orthognathic surgery. The TMJ correction remains untouched. It can be expected that altered TMJ anatomy can lead to TMDs in cleft lip and palate cases. Conclusion: To convey the occurrence of TMDs in cleft due to the inter jaw malocclusion and its early treatment approach for TMJ deprogramming along with dental and surgical correction in CLP.

Introduction: Marginal adaptation is one of the most important and weakest links in the success of cast restorations. There is some indication that the quality of marginal adaptation may be as important to gingival health as marginal location.01 Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the marginal integrity and occlusal discrepancy of base metal alloy copings by recasting method using conventional casting technique. Methodology: The 30 test samples were grouped into 3groups as Group I: 10 samples will be prepared using 100% new co-cr alloy.Group II: 10 samples will be prepared using 50% new alloy and 50% reused alloy.Group III:10 samples will be prepared using 25% new alloy and 75% reused alloy. The patterns obtained were casted with an induction casting machine and Co-Cr copings, the vertical gap and internal gap/occlusal discrepancy of all the 30 Co-Cr cast copings are obtained, with the use of stereo microscope. Results: Paired t test and tukey Kramer tests were conducted to determine p value. The p value for marginal integrity  was found to be less than 0.01 which indicates that there is a significant difference between groups on buccal,lingual,mesial and distal surfaces . p value for occlusal discrepancy was found to be greater than 0.01 indicating that there is no significant  difference between groups on occlusal mesial surfaces while distal side it is less than 0.01 which is significant. Summary and Conclusion: The patterns were prepared with inlay casting wax on the custom-made stainless steel die. 30 of the patterns were invested with a metal ring during investment.  The vertical marginal gaps of three groups cast copings obtained by conventional casting were statistically significant to each other with higher value in group 2 followed by group 3 and group 1.