The aim of the study was to determine the configuration of pathologic audiograms in patients with excessive noise exposure, and to calculate the frequency of notches in the audiogram in patients with and without excessive noise exposure by avoiding the effect of age-related hearing loss. We have analyzed 514 audiograms of 257 patients aged between 20 to 50 years: 240 patients (mean age of 38.7 years) with excessive noise exposure and 17 patients (mean age of 41.2 years) with notches in the audiogram, but without a history of excessive noise exposure. For statistical data analysis we have used the Chi-square test and Fisher exact test with the level of significance p < 0.05. Pathologic audiograms were classified into five different types: Slope at 4000 Hz (0.8%), Slope at 2000 Hz (15.1%), Notch at 4000 Hz (67.4%), Notch at 2000 Hz (0.8%), Flat (8.9%), and 7% were out of this classification. A total of 190 (79.2%) patients with excessive noise exposure had a notch in the audiogram. Left ear notches were the most common. Among the patients with notched audiograms, 91.8% had a history of excessive noise exposure, either occupational or nonoccupational, and 8.2% did not report any excessive noise exposure.
Tinitus je percepcija zvuka u odsutnosti vanjskog izvora zvuka. U većini slučajeva tinitus je prisutan uz istovremeno oštećenje sluha. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi učestalost, vrstu i stupanj oštećenja sluha u pacijenata sa subjektivnim tinitusom te analizirati karakteristike tinitusa u odnosu na oštećenje sluha. Analizirali smo audiometrijske, otoskopske nalaze i medicinske izvještaje 1046 pacijenata, 573 muškaraca (54.8%) i 473 žena (45.2%), u dobi od 19 do 89 godina. Pacijenti su pregledani na Odjelu za otorinolaringologiju Gradske opće bolnice “8-mi Septemvri”, Skoplje, Republika Makedonija, u razdoblju od siječnja 2014. do listopada 2015. Statistička analiza podataka provedena je hi-kvadrat testom uz razinu značajnosti p<0.05. Većina pacijenata bili su muškarci u dobi od 60 do 69 godina (13.4%), ali nije bilo značajne razlike u distribuciji po dobi i spolu (p=0.156). Prevalencija gubitka sluha kod pacijenata s tinitusom bila je 91.9%. Većina pacijenata imala je bilateralni zamjedbeni gubitak sluha (58.2%), uglavnom na visokim frekvencijama (p<0.00001), te su opisivali svoj tinitus kao piskavi zvuk. Bilateralni tinitus bio je najčešće prisutan (59.4%), nakon čega slijedi lijevi jednostrani tinitus (22.8%). Akustična trauma i gubitak sluha izazvan bukom bili su prisutni u 27.8% svih otoloških stanja. Kod većine pacijenata sa subjektivnim tinitusom bio je prisutan neki stupanj gubitka sluha. Bilateralni, visoko frekventni tinitus i bilateralni zamjedbeni gubitak sluha, uglavnom na visokim frekvencijama, bili si najčešći nalazi. Akustična trauma i gubitak sluha izazvan bukom bili su najčešća otološka stanja, a tinitus izazvan bukom bio je najčešći tip tinitusa.
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