Liposarcoma (LPS) is a malignancy with extreme heterogeneity and thus optimization towards personalizing patient prognosis and treatment is essential. Here, we evaluated miR-155, miR-21, miR-143, miR-145 and miR-451 that are implicated in LPS, as novel FFPE tissue biomarkers.A total of 83 FFPE tissue specimens from primary LPS and lipomas (LPM) were analyzed. A proteinase K incubation-Trizol treatment coupled protocol was used for RNA isolation. After polyadenylation of total RNA and reverse transcription, expression analysis of 9 candidate reference and 5 target miRNAs was performed by qPCR. Genorm and NormFinder were used for finding the most suitable molecules for normalization. Survival analyses were performed in order to evaluate the prognostic potential of miRNAs.MiR-103 and miR-191 are most suitable for normalization of miRNA expression in LPS. MiR-155 and miR-21 are clearly overexpressed (P<0.001) in LPS compared with LPM specimens, whereas miR-145 (P<0.001), miR-143 (P =0.008) and miR-451 (P=0.037) are underexpressed. MiR-155 (P=0.007) and miR-21 (P=0.029) are differentially expressed between well-differentiated, dedifferentiated, myxoid/round cell and pleomorphic LPs tumor subtypes. MiR-155 represents a novel independent indicator of unfavorable prognosis in LPS (HR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.23–7.17, P = 0.016).

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been speculated to play a critical role in suppression of the immune system and it can be upregulated in cancer cells, which may allow cancers to evade the host immune system. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules (containing about 22 nucleotides), that function in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. MiRNAs were found deregulated (upregulated or downregulated) and implicated in cancer development with various roles which depend on their gene target. Using targetscan web server prediction algorithm, we concluded that miR-140-3p is a targeting mirRNA with conserved consequential pairing of target region for PD-L1. Moreover, by reviewing all the available cancer studies in Pub/Medline about miR-140-3p, was found permanently down regulated. Furthermore, in recent immunotherapy related clinical trials in most cancers, evaluated PD-L1, it is found overexpressed. In the near future, in vitro or in vivo studies need to validate whether there is direct correlation between PD-L1 overexpression and miR-140-3p downregulation as targetscan performed algorithm predicted.

Rhabdomyolysis is defined as the dissolution of striped muscle characterized by the leakage of intracellular muscle components into the circulation, which can ultimately lead to renal failure with a possible fatal outcome. Trabectedin is a potential cause of rhabdomyolysis. Herein, we describe a case of rhabdomyolysis in a female patient with recurrent metastatic leiomyosarcoma of the uterus and who had full recovery, and we review the already published cases in order to identify a common pattern of emergence.

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