This noncontact mapping system identified diastolic portions of the circuit in most VTs studied and can safely map and guide ablation of human VT.

Although the site of latest onset of endocardial activation during SR proved to be the most sensitive indicator, the characteristics of SR electrograms did not usefully predict successful ablation sites.

Spatialization, the synthesis of spaces and spatialproperties of sounds for a listener, is a growing fieldof interest for researchers, sound engineers, com-posers, and audiophiles. Due to broad and diverseviewpoints and requirements, the understandingand application of spatial sound is developing inmany ways. To benefit from varying viewpoints,individuals involved in artistic practice and thoseinvolved in theoretical or applied research needto engage in regular dialogue. Blesser and Salter(2006, p. 184) reported on the long-term relationshipbetween artists and audio researchers regardingvirtual spaces, which is “the story of an evolvingrelationship between sophisticated audio engineers,creating tools, and impatient artists, incorporat-ing such tools long before they are fully defined.” [...

The longstanding quest for the anatomical basis of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome has left many unanswered questions. The ultrastructural morphology of the myocytes comprising accessory atrioventricular pathways, which are capable of rapid and variable conduction, is central to understanding the development and behaviour of this congenital anomaly, but remains unknown. Examination of three surgically resected pathways was performed to determine their underlying cellular morphology and the pattern of intercellular coupling, by correlative light microscopy, electron microscopy and confocal scanning laser microscopy combined with immunohistochemical localization of the cardiac gap-junctional protein, connexin43. Two left-sided pathways were composed of myocardium of 'normal working ventricular' type. The right-sided pathway was composed almost entirely of highly abnormal myocytes characterized by aberrant myofibril organisation, with a lack of A-band material and abnormal mitochondria, but normal intact intercalated disks no different from those seen in left-sided pathways. The gap junctions of all pathways were composed of connexin43 distributed as in ventricular myocardium, and not as found in atrial or atrioventricular nodal tissues. While myocytes of abnormal structure were present in one of the accessory atrioventricular pathways examined, all pathways had morphologically normal gap junctions, the structures responsible for efficient intercellular coupling, with a pattern of distribution suggestive of working ventricular myocardium.