The monograph analyzes the directions of formation, formation and development of the green economy paradigm and closely related concepts of circular, waste-free, cyclical economy, economy based on green growth, bioeconomics, low-carbon economy, blue economy, ecosystem and sustainable development. The history of the formation, the essence and content of these concepts are investigated, as well as the analysis of the practice of implementing the principles of green economy in priority sectors and spheres of Russia and foreign countries is carried out. The results of the study can be used to substantiate the prospects for the introduction of the principles of green economy in the context of global and national problems of sustainable development. Conclusions are formulated about the problems and obstacles of Russia's transition to a green growth model, as well as tools for achieving "greening" of the economy. It is intended for students and postgraduates studying in the field of training (specialty) "Economics", undergraduates studying in the areas of preparation "Economics", "Finance and Credit", managers, entrepreneurs, financiers, as well as for anyone interested in the problems of sustainable development, environmental protection, the formation of waste-free technology and green economy.

In the past two years, the idea of a green economy has been widely discussed by not only environmental experts, but also various economic researchers. It is increasingly mentioned by heads of state and finance ministers, as well as in joint statements by the G20 and discussed in the context of sustainable development and fight against environmental damage. The current increase in relevance of the green economy concept is undoubtedly fueled by growing disappointment in the most widespread economic model, as well as the feeling of fatigue generated by the many crises and environmental failures that have been observed during the first two decades of the new century. The transition to a green economy has a solid economic and social justification. Convincing arguments are emerging in favor of doubling the efforts of both the state and the private sector towards to green economy transformation. In this regard, the state is faced with the task of leveling the rules for green products by refusing to provide obsolete subsidies, reforming policies and creating new incentives, strengthening ecological infrastructure and economic mechanisms, redirecting public investment and moving to green public procurement.

Currently, the economic systems of developed countries are undergoing structural transformations associated with the deployment of a new environmentally oriented industrial sector on a new technological environmentally friendly basis. For technologically catching-up countries, including those focused on the extraction of natural resources, the task is to critically understand the modification of this trend, since the deindustrialization processes led to the loss of many modern manufacturing industries, which resulted in a deep import dependence on resource-saving technologies and equipment. This results in the wasteful use of the resource base of the economy and the lack of recycling, in increasing pollution and lagging behind in terms of environmental industrial technologies. Ineffective institutions and international financial and technological restrictions reduce the effect of stimulating environmental import substitution by the state, hinder the development of its reproductive mechanisms that can provide a positive trend in economic dynamics. Therefore, the development of environmental import substitution, integrating the resource availability of the economy and environmental imperatives, technologies for the careful use of resources and their recycling, determines the prospects for sustainable development of the economy as a whole.