The paper focuses on means of the expression containing a chromatic element in their structure. These kinds of expressions are both figurative and denominative names (including occasional names) occurring in the language of politicians themselves or, in general, in the language related to politics in any political context. The aim is to find out, which colours are the most used in political discourse in Spain and Spanish-speaking countries, and how they are used; what the individual colours express and in what connections they occur (collocations, comparisons, metaphorical constructions, terms, etc.). The naming units are excerpted from the web corpora Araneum and CREA so that in the research sample, only one meaning from each usage is included. The lexical units with a chromatic element are analysed throughout lexical-semantic analysis – their use in context, their meanings, and connotations are studied. The study reveals the most and the least used colours in the political context, as well as the most frequent types of naming units in which they appear.
El presente artículo se centra en las unidades fraseológicas con el componente cromático «rojo» en eslovaco y español. Analiza dichas unidades desde el aspecto formal, semántico, traductológico y didáctico. Primero, desde el aspecto formal, compara las estructuras más frecuentes de los cromatismos con el color rojo en ambos idiomas. Segundo, desde el aspecto semántico, compara las connotaciones que las expresiones pluriverbales en cuestión tienen en estos dos idiomas y las contrasta con las connotaciones universales del color rojo. Luego, desde el aspecto traductológico, compara dichas unidades fraseológicas a nivel interlingüístico, examinando los equivalentes traductológicos, sus tipos, los así llamados falsos amigos, etc. Por último, el artículo presenta una serie de actividades con implicaciones didácticas que podrían ser empleadas en una clase de ELE para enseñar los fraseologismos españoles a los estudiantes eslovacos, en este caso, del color rojo en particular.
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