This study examines the distinction between power imbalance and mutual dependence to better understand how NGOs manage resource dependencies in their relationships with civil society partners. The NGO leaders we interviewed emphasized mutual dependence in the relationships they developed with other NGOs regarding access to financial and information resources. In contrast, discourse about their relationships with IGOs focused on the acquisition of legitimacy and access, and was dominated by power imbalance. NGOs were largely accepting of both forms of dependence in pursuit of the community's shared goals and for the greater good of constituents. Our finding that NGOs refrain from terminating suboptimal relationships also reflects the extent to which mutual dependence governs NGOs partnering strategies.Résumé La présente étude se penche sur la distinction entre le déséquilibre du pouvoir et l'interdépendance, pour mieux comprendre la façon dont les ONG gèrent leur dépendance aux ressources dans leurs relations avec des sociétés civiles partenaires. Les dirigeants d'ONG que nous avons interrogés ont mis l'accent sur l'interdépendance qui existe dans leurs relations avec d'autres ONG pour l'accès aux ressources financières et documentaires. Par opposition, le discours sur leurs relations avec les OIG accentuait l'acquisition de légitimité et d'accès et était dominé par le déséquilibre du pouvoir. Les ONG acceptent largement les deux formes de dépendance dans la poursuite des objectifs partagés de la communauté et pour le plus grand bien des électeurs. Nos résultats confirmant que les ONG évitent de mettre fin à des relations sous-optimales reflètent également la mesure dans laquelle l'interdépendance gouverne les stratégies de partenariat des ONG.Zusammenfassung Diese Studie untersucht den Unterschied zwischen Machtungleichgewicht und gegenseitiger Abhängigkeit, um zu einem besseren Verständnis dahingehend zu gelangen, wie nicht-staatliche Organisationen mit Ressourcenabhängigkeiten in ihren Beziehungen zu Partnern in der Bürgergesellschaft umgehen. Die von uns befragten Leiter nicht-staatlicher Organisationen betonten eine gegenseitige Abhängigkeit in den Beziehungen zu anderen nicht-staatlichen Organisationen mit Hinblick auf den Zugang zu Finanz-und Informationsressourcen. Bei ihren Beziehungen zu internationalen staatlichen Organisationen hingegen konzentrierten sie sich auf die Erzielung von Legitimität und Zugang, und die Beziehungen wurden von einer Machtungleichheit dominiert. Die nicht-staatlichen Organisationen akzeptierten weitgehend beide Arten der Abhängigkeit zugunsten der Ziele der Gemeinschaft und des allgemeinen Wohlergehens der Gemeindemitglieder. Unser Ergebnis, dass nicht-staatliche Organisationen von einer Beendigung suboptimaler Beziehungen absehen, spiegelt auch den Umfang wider, in dem die gegenseitige Abhängigkeit die Partnerstrategien nicht-staatlicher Organisationen bestimmt.Resumen El presente estudio examina la distinción entre desequilibrio de poder y dependencia mutua para comprender me...
Scholars suggest three partnering strategies that nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) can use to pursue strategic relationships in civil society networks: (a) the development of overlapping ties associated with network closure, (b) adopting an intermediary role between two disconnected organizations associated with brokerage, and (c) complying with the match-making demands of third-party organizations. Collaborative relationships among 489 NGOs were examined over a 14-year period (1990-2004) to determine which of these strategies NGOs use and when. The network demonstrated a strong preference for closure at the beginning of the observation period, after which time partnerships settled into a more stable pattern of intra-sector collaboration after 1996. Brokerage and constrained-choice strategies were not prevalent at any point over the observation period. Results are discussed in terms of network evolution and implications of the observed NGO preferences for closure. The potential benefits of emergent stability are also discussed.
Midwifery care is generally very limited in early pregnancy, which can be a worrying, uncertain and unstable time for potential parents. An early pregnancy assessment unit provides a special place for the midwife to give support, understanding and advice for women with possible problems.
This study examines the role of weblogs as sites for negotiating collective identity, arguing that strategic deployment of blogs may encourage greater identification with collective actions by a wider variety of individuals. This case study of the Writers Guild of America blog United Hollywood, shows that its structure and publication policies were successful in mobilising a variety of stakeholders to identify as a collective. Qualitative analysis of form and content suggests that the communality provided by the blog allowed the WGA to leverage benefits of traditional institutional collective action space and to augment these with benefits provided by hybrid forms of online organisation.
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