No abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda‐9 (Sf‐9) cells used in conjunction with the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) represent a promising platform for the rapid development and manufacture of protein complexes and virus‐like particle (VLP) products. Several studies have described the superiority of single‐use wave‐mixed bioreactors although reusable stirred and, more recently, single‐use stirred bioreactors have also been successfully applied. Due to their bioengineering characteristics (more homogeneous energy dissipation, reduced foam formation), wave‐mixed systems are often preferred. However, a direct comparison of the influence of single‐use wave‐mixed and single‐use stirred bioreactors on cell growth and protein expression in Sf‐9/BEVS‐based production processes was still lacking. We investigated Sf‐9 cell growth and expression of a recombinant secreted alkaline phosphatase (rSEAP) in the wave‐mixed BIOSTAT® RM as well as the stirred UniVessel® SU and a serum‐free culture medium. Irrespective of the bioreactor system, comparable growth, substrate, and metabolite courses as well as peak cell densities (>1.2 × 107 cells mL−1) were observed in Sf‐9 cell expansions performed in batch mode. Additionally, identical rSEAP quality and maximum rSEAP activities were found in biphasic productions in both bioreactor systems. Concluding, comparability of single‐use wave‐mixed and stirred bioreactors for insect cell culture processes was demonstrated for the first time.

Die Mikrovermischung in einem Spinning-Disc-Reaktor wurde mithilfe der Villermaux-Dush-man-Reaktion charakterisiert. Anhand der Fällung von Bariumsulfat konnte der Einfluss der Mikrovermischung auf Fällungsreaktionen identifiziert werden. Die Erkenntnisse wurden für die alkalische Fällung von Magnetit-Nanopartikeln herangezogen.

SAPHTHOQUINONIMINE AND 'COL SK VIRUSment, the inhibition of hemagglutination in zhro suggests a blocking action on cell receptors rather than any form of direct interaction between Col-SK virus and RDE principle. This concept is further supported by the initial presence of live virus at the portal of entry of the infected animal which has received RDE by the same route, as well as by the fact that a substantial degree of immunity to reinfection can be demonstrated in a majority of the surviving animals. It seems plausible that further experiments in which the cell-protective action of a potent enzymatic principle, such as RDE, is combined with the direct antiviral action of a colloidal dye of the Ro 2-3532 type, should permit the realization of even more powerful chemotherapeutic effects over a longer range of the infectious process. Summary and Conclusions:The chemotherapeutic effect of a certain napthoquinonimine (compound Ro 2-3532;l) was studied on the peripheral infection of mice with Col-SK virus, F virus and EMC virus. It was found that a well tolerated single dose of 5 mg of the drug, administered intraperitoneally, was sufficient to protect a high percentage of the mice against infection with multiple paralytic doses of Col-SK or F virus injected simultaneously by the same route. Experiments in which the virus was injected intraperitoneally but the drug subcutaneously showed likewise a definite degree of protection though inferior to that observed when both were given by the same route. Significant protection could also be obtained up to and including 1 hour after intraperitoneal infection with small doses of virus. Experiments in which the drug was tested for its chemotherapeutic action against EMC virus showed only a minimum degree of protection considered to be insignificant. Some attempts were made to analyze the probable mode of action of the drug on Col-SK virus. It is concluded that protection occurs not because of cell-receptor blockade but that the virus is rendered non-infectious by some form of direct interaction between virus and drug.The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation of the valuable assistance rendered ,by Mr. Frank Yad in this work.

Die Mikrovermischung in einem Spinning-Disc-Reaktor wurde mithilfe der Villermaux-Dushman-Reaktion charakterisiert. Anhand der Fällung von Bariumsulfat konnte der Einfluss der Mikrovermischung auf Fällungsreaktionen identifiziert werden. Die Erkenntnisse wurden für die alkalische Fällung von Magnetit-Nanopartikeln herangezogen.