Back ground: Optimal coherence tomography (OCT) is a non contactnon invasive newer diagnostic tool that can perform tomography cross sectional imaging of biological tissues with <10 micron axial resolution using light waves near infrared beam. Methodology: Hospital based study conducted on 50 patients having macular diseases who attended DR RSPR Govt. regional eye hospital, Visakhapatnam. Each patient underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including best corrected visual acuity slit lamp biomicroscopy, IOP recording and fundus evaluation by indirect Opthalmoscopy with+90 D lens. In addition fundus photographs were taken. Routine blood examination and urine examination were done. Then the patients were subjected to evaluation of posterior segment by OCT. Results: Of the 50 cases on whom the OCT was done, majority (32%) were diabetic macular Oedema, followed by central serous Retinopathy (24%) and Epiretinal membrane was seen in 10% cases. Among the study participants, 7 patients presented with macular holes. Two patients had full thickness macular holes and five patients had lamellar holes. Conclusion: Diagnosis is confirmed by OCT gives additional information regarding pathological presentation, so help in the management.It may beneficially impact the visual disability by diagnosing a disease at an earlier stage.

To assess the effects of laser photocoagulation on contrast sensitivity, visual acuity and colour vision in patients of diabetic macular edema. Methods: It is a hospital-based prospective analytical study conducted on 30 eyes of type 1 and types 2 of diabetes mellitus patients with NPDR and non-centre involved diabetic macular edema of more than 18 years of age of both the sexes for a one-year duration. Results: The majority belonged to the age group of 51-60 yrs. Males represented 60% with a peak incidence at 51-60 years and females represented 40 %. BCVA was stabilized in 63%, improved by 26% and decreased by 10%. In this study, the mean baseline contrast sensitivity was 0.49 log CS which improved significantly to o.60 log CS and 0.64 logs CS at 3 and 6 months respectively.No change in colour vision was noted at 6 months follow up Conclusion: Timely treatment of Diabetic macular edema with laser retinal photocoagulation prevents further dysfunction and salvages involved retina causing statistically significant improvement in vision and quality of life.