Background: Adolescence period is very crucial in the life of an individual, when major physical, psychological and behavioral changes take place. Tobacco and areca nut use among school going adolescent is becoming a major public health problem. The aim was to determine the prevalence and pattern of smokeless tobacco and betel nut use among school going adolescents.Methods: The study was a cross sectional study. After taking the permission of principal of Government high school and consent of the parents of adolescents, 546 adolescents were interviewed during February-March 2016. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Thus collected data was analyzed using SPSS 17 (Trial Version). Results: Age of the study students (total 546) ranged from 10-19 years. (Mean age=14.60 ± 2.84 years). Out of 546 children 166 (30.4%) children had addiction. Prevalence of any type of addiction in girls and boys was 13.4% and 17.0% respectively. Tobacco prevalence was 12.3% and betel nut prevalence was 18.1%. Type of addiction and its association with gender was highly significant. All children addicted to tobacco using chewing form (gutkha) of tobacco. The mean age group of children who consume tobacco and betel nut was 16.14±1.33 years and 16.13±1.51 years respectively. Most common reasons among adolescents for starting addiction of tobacco and betel nut was to look mature (88.0%) followed by to look good (73.5%) and to refresh breathe (56.0%).Conclusions: High prevalence of tobacco and betel nut use among adolescents needs attention of parents, teachers and health officials.

No abstract

Background: Electronic gadgets are indispensable part of our life which has reached every doorstep across the globe. With advancing age the use of mobile phones have drastically increased and people spend long hours on their gadgets which has led to several musculoskeletal problems. Constant head down posture and improper alignment of head and neck attained during usage leads to permanent damage in cervical spine such as flattening of spinal curve, early onset of arthritis, spine degeneration, disc compression and herniation. The term text neck can be described as repetitive stress injury and pain sustained from excessive use of handheld devices. Lack of awareness and negligence amongst the young population text neck syndrome can result in inflammation of neck ligaments, muscle and nerves leading to permanent changes. This study aims to find out the effects of providing awareness regarding text neck syndrome and it preventive measures while using hand held device.Methods: 218 young healthy adults were pre given a pre-test regarding the awareness of text neck syndrome, later they were given an information brochure. Following this, the participants were given a post-test to check the effect of providing information regarding Text neck syndrome.Results: Results of the study revealed that there was significant improvement in post test score as compared to pre-test using paired t test (p value >0.05).Conclusions: There was lack of awareness regarding the syndrome and its preventive measures, after appropriate providing information, awareness were established in the young adult population.

Background: Convulsion during the first few weeks of life in a newborn is a frequent problem. Such disturbances may have many causes contributing to their etiology and have prognostic significance as well. Objective: This study aimed to determine the etiology, effect of gestational age, onset, types, and mortality of neonatal convulsions. We also aimed to evaluate the clinical parameters, computed tomography (CT) brain scan, neurosonogram, metabolic profile, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis as well as the response of antiepileptic drugs and outcome in these babies. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done at the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study group comprised 358 neonates with neonatal seizures (163 inborn and 195 referred) admitted over 2 years. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed in SPSS version 12 (Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results: Out of 10,232 live births, 163 had seizures in the neonatal period, giving an incidence of 15.9/1000 live births. The most common type of seizure was tonic accounting for 33.2%. The most common etiology was perinatal asphyxia – 50.8%, followed by central nervous system infection – 20.1%. One hundred and twenty-six out of 358 patients expired contributing to mortality of 35.1%. All the newborns with perinatal asphyxia had seizures within the first 7 days. Conclusions: Improvement in antenatal and perinatal care with early identification of high-risk mothers will reduce the incidence of birth asphyxia and thereby of neonatal convulsions. Subtle seizures are most common and should not be missed. CT brain scan and neurosonogram are useful in the early detection of cerebral edema, ischemic hypodensities, and hemorrhage which contributes to prognostic significance.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most prevalent and fatal form of cancer worldwide. India stands first among other countries in breast cancer mortality. This study shed light on the subjective life experiences of women who were diagnosed with Breast cancer, the study reviews the different factors like personal, familial, social and financial affecting the lifestyle and management of disease as Breast cancer affects all the dimensions of health of an individual. Knowing the subjective feelings, experiences and expectation will help to highlight the importance of quality care and better coping to the disease.Objectives:1. To explore the lived in experiences of Breast cancer patients.2. To explore the various dimensions of the lived in experiences of Breast cancer patients.Materials and Methods: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study was conducted. Samples were selected by the Non probability purposive sampling method. The data got saturated with 10 samples. The researcher interviewed them by using semi structured open ended questions and tape recorded the conversations where investigator has attained at least 6 to 8 sitting lasted for about 30-40 minutes with each participants. The investigator used local language for the interview and recorded in mobile, the recordings were transcribed verbatim according to themes and subthemes.Results: Coalizzi’s data analysis framework was used to analyze the transcribed data and from the analysis seven themes extracted and they were; 1) lived time 2) lived body 3) lived treatment 4) lived relationship 5) lived economical 6) lived vocational 7) lived spiritual. It was found that participants acknowledge fear, anxiety and frustration with their diagnosis and body changes. Participants were not able to do their daily activity by their own throughout the treatment phase due to extreme weakness and tiredness. It provides evidences that Breast cancer has psychological damage to patient’s life they feel more anxious and depressed. Conclusion: The study attempted to explore the lived in experiences of Breast cancer patients and it was found that Breast cancer patients report that they continue to experience physical, disease related discomfort, but use multiple ways to improve coping. In terms of psychological dimension, they learn to improve strength with the help of spiritual beliefs. In terms of social dimensions, support from the family, friends and relatives was the keyto cope through their treatment. The findings highlight the need of nurse’s care and concern for the subjective aspects in women with breast cancer and also time for sharing the experiences and feelings in such dreadful illness which helps to bring ideas for improving the quality of life and better coping.