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The synthesis of bromopyrazines from hydroxypyrazines was successfully effected by the procedure via trimethylsilyloxypyrazines, the sequence of which proceeds under mild conditions and does not require the isolation of intermediate.

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The reduction effects of CO 2 emission from typical steel products by the reduction agent injection into blast furnace were analyzed by Life Cycle Assessment methodology, using the statiscal data.As the results, the reduction effects by pulverized coal injection and waste plastic injection were estimated to be 0.07 kg and 0.16 kg CO 2 at the point of 0.1 kg/kg HM of injection, respectively. As the coke is replaced with pulverized coal on the equivalent in carbon content, the CO 2 emission from the coke manufacturing is reduced. And the reduction effect of CO 2 emission by waste plastic injection is higher than that by pulverized coal injection, because the replacement ratio of coke with waste plastics is higher. The injection ratio of waste plastics would not be raised to the same ratio as the pulverized coal in the viewpoint of the material balance of waste plastics.