This study, through a literature review, aimed to present the key aspects found in Bipolar Affective Disorder (BAD), as well as present a case report of a patient who received dental care in the Special Patient Course at the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR). Case report: Female patient, 30 years of age, leukoderma, diagnosed by medical and psychological exams as suffering from BAD and slight mental retardation. The most evident characteristics inherent to the primary illness included swings in mood and affection as well as bipolar or manic depressions. The special school where she studied and worked referred her to receive dental care in the special patient course of PUCPR. Her main complaint was the lack of upper front teeth and the esthetic. The treatment plan included adequacy of oral environment through basic periodontal therapy and production of removable partial dentures. Conclusion: People with BAD requires extra care with regard to behavioral management.