The evaluation of in-vitro anti-Candida activity was done for Ricinus communism leaves extracts which are yielded by the extraction with different organic solvents (methanol, chloroform, and a combination of these solvents((1:1; v/v); methanol/chloroform)) against four Candida species(tropicalis, kefyr, glabrata, and albicans) by agar well diffusion method. In the present study, the results showed that all tested extracts possessed anti-Candida activity against all examined strains, but the leaves extracted by a combination of methanol and chloroform exhibited the best anti-Candida potentiality when compared with methanol or chloroform solvent which is separately used in the extraction process, in addition to that the anti-Candida activity of all leaves extracts was varied depending on the Candida species susceptibility and the concentration of the extract which used in every treatment, in addition to that the minimum inhibitory concentrations data of the combined solvents extract were (13, 18, 22, and 24% for Candida glabrata, tropicalis, kefyr, and albicans respectively.

The purpose of this study is to see if therapy with Ciprofloxacin (80 mg/kg body weight) for 3, 7, or 14 days has any influence on the levels of (Cytokines - 2, 4, 6, 10) in albino mice. The albino mice were put into four equal groups for the investigation. G. I: - The animals in this group were not given any material (control). G. II: - The animals in this group were given ciprofloxacin (80 mg/100 g body weight) (Dosage one per day Orally) for three days. G. III: - The animals in this group were given ciprofloxacin (80 mg/100 g body weight) (Dosage one per day Orally) for seven days. G. IV: - For 14 days, animals in this group were given ciprofloxacin (80 mg/100 g body weight) (Dosage one per day Orally). The results show that ciprofloxacin greatly increased Cytokines - 10 (especially after 14 days of therapy) (p<0.01), as well as Cytokines - 2, 6 (p<0.01), whereas Cytokines - 4 greatly decreased (P<0.05).