Big data is at the heart of the insurance industry through the uses it provides, where the year 2022 is considered the beginning of the “digital revolution” when humans were able to store more digital information in technological tools than ever before. Research results have shown the impact relationship between big data and various industries, including the insurance industry. Big data has improved all aspects of the insurance process, from pricing and underwriting to claims management and customer service to ultimately more effective risk management. Based on practical and theoretical practices in this framework, the question arises whether big data has brought about development in the insurance industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the impact of big data on all aspects of the insurance industry. The research findings showed that the quantity and quality of data collected and used by insurance companies directly impact the services produced and developed. Big data enables insurers to identify patterns, trends and behaviors, allowing them to develop customized products and services. Also, by collecting and utilizing quality big data, insurance companies can provide more efficient and effective services, improving customer satisfaction and increasing profitability. Although big data is a lucrative opportunity for the insurance industry, it is also a threat as companies that need the means to access big data, technologies and skills will see their competitiveness drop significantly in the future. On the other hand, intermediary platforms, particularly GAFTA (Google, Apple, Facebook, Twitter, Amazon) that control the entire data value chain, can seek a large percentage of profits by providing the value chain to insurers, or the purchase of these platforms for vulnerable insurance companies, allowing them to dominate the insurance market.

Abstract. The digital revolution has radically changed the world, as new digital technologies have introduced important innovations in factories, hospitals and schools, especially cities, improving the efficiency of city operations and life quality of its citizens and visitors. This study is a demonstration of the capabilities provided by smart cities to promote smart tourism through global experiences, where the study concluded that the inclusion of smart city determinants will make it a smart tourism destination and thus realize the concept of smart tourism as part of smart city, and improve the Provided tourism services quality and tourism experiences, since the innovation and sustainability are the only way to improve life quality and social value of both  local residents and tourists.

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to analyzing the environment of nanotechnology, and it uses in the Algerian economy, and determining strategies for developing nanotechnology in Algeria as a strategic option for economic diversification based on the results of this analysis. Results. The study showed that there is an overall growth in the market share of nanotechnology, while in Algeria there is dynamism in this industry, but it is slow. The results of the study analyzing the environment for the application of nanotechnology in the Algerian economy have proven that there are strengths specific to the economy of this country in terms of the existence of energy, agricultural, water and human resources. These strengths were accompanied by opportunities linked to the large size of the Algerian market, and to the strategic geographical location of Algeria with the availability of major infrastructures. On the other hand, the application environment of this technology has weaknesses, most of which are related to organizational and management problems and technological backwardness. Four strategies have been proposed for the successful application of nanotechnology in order to develop the Algerian economy on the medium and long horizon. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is the treatment and the study of the possibilities of development of the Algerian economy by approaching the theme of nanotechnology as a source of economic diversification in Algeria. A strategic diagnosis of the environment for the application of this technology in the development of the Algerian economy, giving strategic solutions based on the results of this diagnosis. Practical value. The SWOT analysis approach has become a modern strategic analysis approach to diagnosing the environment of any important subject. In our study, the SWOT approach allowed building a clear conception of the application environment of nanotechnology as a source of economic diversification. The proposed SWOT matrix strategies can be considered as mechanisms used by decision makers in order to achieve the success of the application of nanotechnology as a source of economic diversification in Algeria.

تعتبر الحبوب الغذاء الأساسي للسكان ومحصول إستراتيجي هام، والركيزة الأساسية للأمن الغذائي في الجزائر، وتعتبر ولاية سعيدة رائدة في إنتاج الحبوب، لكن كفاءتها تبقى دون المطلوب. هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى قياس تأثير العوامل التفسيرية المتمثلة في العوامل المناخية ومقدار التمويل وتوفير السكن الريفي على عدم الكفاءة الفنية لإنتاج القمح لبلديات محافظة سعيدة باستخدام منهج التحليل الحدودي العشوائي خلال الفترة 2015/2020. بينت النتائج الدراسة أن تقييم دالة الإنتاج الحدودي حسب طريقه الإمكان الأعظم للتقدير قد تمت وفقا للنموذج العشوائي، وأن مرونة كل من مساحة الأرض المزروعة والأرض المسقية والأرض المسمدة والمكننة قد بلغت (0.62، 0.28، 0.98، 0.5) على التوالي ويشير ذلك الى العلاقة الايجابية بين هذه المدخلات وإنتاج الجبوب، ووجود تأثير عكسي لكمية المبيدات على انتاج الحبوب. كما بينت النتائج أن عدم الكفاءة الفنية كان لها تأثير على تباين إنتاج الحبوب بمقاطعة سعيدة، وأن ظاهرة عدم الكفاءة تبقى مهمة في زراعة الحبوب في مقاطعة سعيدة ويجب إعتمادها في نماذج الإنتاج.