Si bien, el Decreto de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (anp) en la mayoría de los países de Centroamérica y el Caribe se ha dado en diferentes momentos históricos, esta figura jurídica ha surgido básicamente como un instrumento de conservación propuesta por la política de Estado; por tanto, las áreas se encuentran administradas por diversos organismos gubernamentales que a todas luces limitan la participación de otros actores sociales y el aprovechamiento sustentable de los recursos en estos territorios. Las anp en México no son la excepción, estas se encuentran bajo un esquema de gobernabilidad que se caracteriza porque el Estado se erige como el actor central, el cual se encarga de normar tanto el acceso como el aprovechamiento de esos ecosistemas que también son objeto de interés por parte de múltiples actores sociales. En este contexto, el objetivo es proponer algunas herramientas teórico-metodológicas para la comprensión de la estructura de las relaciones sociales en las anp mexicanas, lo cual, se supone, es fundamento para el diseño de intervenciones planificadas encaminadas al desarrollo de formas de gobernanza ambiental. Para ello, se retomó la perspectiva teórica del capital social (cs) con énfasis en el cs estructural, por su capacidad explicativa en relación con los vínculos de naturaleza horizontal y vertical, pero, sobre todo, es una herramienta que permite la comprensión de la gobernanza ambiental como un proceso socio-organizativo de carácter multiactoral.

As of 2013 in Mexico, the creation, support and development of the LGBT tourist segment were established into the Mexican federal government policies, which has not been consolidated besides lacking of statistical and economic data so its socioeconomic impact is known. The objective of this research is to reflect on the social and economic effect generated by an LGBT friendly tourist destination resulting from the touristic practices that take place in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco. This beach destination is considered the most important LGBT tourist destination in the country due to the amount of economic income it generates and the touristic infrastructure that has been developed. Some considerations are made on the relationship between the expenditure generated by tourists and the income received by residents, as well as its socio-environmental impact. The methodology used is of a mixed nature, emphasizing the integration of economic data in a quantitative way besides ethnography carried out in the destination in a qualitative way. The results of this social phenomenon called LGBT Tourism finally unleashed a synergy and power relations between the different actors involved in Puerto Vallarta: government, businessmen, civil associations, residents and to a lesser extent tourist.

As of 2013 in Mexico, the creation, support and development of the LGBT tourist segment were established into the Mexican federal government policies, which has not been consolidated besides lacking of statistical and economic data so its socioeconomic impact is known. The objective of this research is to reflect on the social and economic effect generated by an LGBT friendly tourist destination resulting from the touristic practices that take place in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco. This beach destination is considered the most important LGBT tourist destination in the country due to the amount of economic income it generates and the touristic infrastructure that has been developed. Some considerations are made on the relationship between the expenditure generated by tourists and the income received by residents, as well as its socio-environmental impact. The methodology used is of a mixed nature, emphasizing the integration of economic data in a quantitative way besides ethnography carried out in the destination in a qualitative way. The results of this social phenomenon called LGBT Tourism finally unleashed a synergy and power relations between the different actors involved in Puerto Vallarta: government, businessmen, civil associations, residents and to a lesser extent tourist.