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The present study aims to determine the knowledge level of high school students regarding oral cancer. The present study included students from 20 high schools located in the city center of Kahramanmaras between 1 and 28 April 2015. The students were informed prior to the study and 2759 students who gave written consent were included in the study. The participants were administered a questionnaire that was prepared by the investigators. The questionnaire included 25 questions that were prepared using literature in order to establish the knowledge level of the students about oral cancer, and it was evaluated scoring one point to each question. There were 1711 (62.0 %) female students and 1048 (38.0 %) male students; the mean age was 16.01 ± 1.09 years. The knowledge score of the male students was 7.48 ± 5.15 and the knowledge score of the female students was 7.58 ± 4.96. The knowledge score of the female and male participants was similar (p = 0.605). Of the students, 2107 (76.4 %) stated that they heard the expression of oral cancer before compared to 652 (23.6 %) students stating they did not. The study found that high school students had insufficient levels of knowledge about oral cancer. There was a general lack of knowledge about oral cancer and the risks among these students.

Objective: Our aim was to investigate the thyroid function tests and thyroid volume differences among males with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) who take androgen replacement treatment (ART). Materials and methods: Forty-four male with IHH with a mean age 33.2 (18-54), diagnosed in Endocrinology and Metabolism Department between September 2013 and September 2014 and 40 healthy male control with a mean age 27.77 (18-55) were involved to study. Patient group was divided to testosterone-treated patients (n = 19) and human chorionic gonadotropine (hCG)-treated patients (n = 25). Patient group was compared in terms of total testosterone, thyroid function tests [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT 4 )] and thyroid volume, before and 6 months after treatment. Patient group was compared with control group as well. Results: When we compared the patient group with the control group, there was no significant difference for age, Body mass index, TSH, fT 4 and thyroid volume between two groups before treatment. There was no difference in terms of TSH, but fT 4 , testosterone levels and thyroid volume were significantly higher after treatment, when the patient group was compared before and after treatment (p < 0.05). When we compared testosterone-treated patients and hCG-treated patients; thyroid volume was higher among hCG-treated patients (p = 0.001) but there was no difference for thyroid volume before and after testosterone treatment (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between testosterone levels with TSH, fT 4 and thyroid volume (r = 0.09, p = 0.32; r = 0.14, p = 0.11; r = 0.15, p = 0.09, respectively). Conclusion: Our study showed that ART increases the thyroid volume especially in hCG-treated patients. Therefore, we suggest that thyroid volume changes should be followed up in hCG-treated patients. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(6):482-6

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of imams on Prostate Cancer (PC). Methods: This study was carried out on 287 imams serving in Kahramanmaraş province in Turkey. A questionnaire investigating the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors on PC was conducted. Results: The mean age of imams was 40.46±8.93 (min=22, max=60). 266 (92.7%) of the participants said they had heard of PC and 16 (5.6%) had heard of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. Knowledge score of imams about PC was 8.66±5.21 (min=0, max=21). Knowledge score of imams did not change according to marital status (p=0.304) and education level (p=0.16), but knowledge score significantly increased with age groups (as age increased) (p=0.010). 9 (3.1%) of the participants said they had previously received training on PC, and 208 (72.5%) wanted to get training. As a source of information about PC, 169 (58.9%) of the participants stated television/radio, 82 (28.6%) stated the internet, and 49 (17.1%) stated health workers. 208 of the imams (72.5%) stated that risk of PC increased with age and 114 (39.7%) participants stated that risk of PC increased with family history of PC. 120 (41.8%) of the participants stated that decreased urine quantity may be a sign of PC, 152 (53.0%) stated that burning and pain sensation while urination can be a sign of PC, and 41 (14.3%) stated that back pain may be a sign of PC. Conclusions: Results of the present study revealed that imams lack significant knowledge on PC. Trainings on PC should be organized for imams and the issuance of fatwa for PC should be encouraged. The coordinated work of media, medical personnel and religious officials on PC will be an important factor in the fight against PC.