Food processing is changing from thermal to non thermal process nowadays for non thermal process could maintain food quality including sensory and nutrition value. Freeze drying is a non thermal drying method using low temperature.The water content of the product is frozen from the water phase to ice phase and into gas phase (sublimation process) to control the pressure and temperature. There are some changes in food characteristic in fruit chips processing using freeze drying method. In the physical characteristic are geometry, mechanic, optical, and other physical value changes. In the sensory characteristic, freeze drying method could maintain food colour, flavour, texture and odor(aroma). Freeze drying could inhibit bacteria growth but could not kill the spores in microbiological characteristics. Furthermore, freeze drying could maintain vitamin, mineral and active compound in the product instead of thermal drying process .

Hypercholesterolemia is a major cause of cardiovascular disease such as coronary heart disease. Betel water (Peperomia pellucida) is a type of plants that have antioxidant compounds that could delay, retard and prevent the oxidation of lipids, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract Peperomia pellucida against total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides in the serum of white rats (Wistar) were given a diet aterogenetik, so it can be used as prevention of atherosclerosis. The active compounds contained in the water after screnning betel phytochemicals includes flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, steroids and quinones. In vivo studies conducted by true experimental method with pre and post test with control group design. Rats were divided into 3 groups: group A positive control is given aterogenetik diet, group B and C were given diet Peperomia Pellucida aterogenetik and extract orally at a dose of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg. Diet aterogenetik given as much as 20 grams per day for 14 days. Data obtained include total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides were analyzed by statistical methods Paired T Test oneway ANOVA (P < 0.05). The study of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides showed ethanol extract of Peperomia pellucida at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight can lower total cholesterol and LDL significantly, but there was no significant decline in triglycerides and can increase HDL levels.

Air merupakan komponen penting dalam industri pangan. Kualitas air yang digunakan pada Usaha Kecil Mikro (UKM) umumnya mempunyai kualitas yang rendah. Hal ini disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan dan biaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efektifitas dan efisiensi penggunaan klorinator sebagai pelarut disinfektan di Usaha Kecil dan Mikro (UKM). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 2 kali pengulangan, dengan menguji kualitas air sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Parameter uji yang digunakan adalah cemaran coliform, Eschericia coli (E. coli) dan total klorin dalam air. Efisiensi biaya dihitung dengan mengevaluasi jumlah pemakaian klorin/m 3 air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan coliform dan E. coli secara bermakna (p<0.05) dengan nilai yang sama dari 2,3 x 10 5 cfu/100 ml menjadi 0 cfu/100 ml . Selain itu total klorin setelah perlakuan tidak menunjukkan kenaikan secarasignifikan (p<0.05). Penggunaan klorinator dari segi biaya terhitung murah yaitu Rp. 916/m 3 air. Klorinator dinilai efektif dalam menurunkan total cemaran mikrobiologi dan dapat menjaga jumlah total klorin terlarut sesuai dengan standar kualitas air untuk sanitasi dan higieni. Selain itu, klorinator jugaefisien dari segi biaya apabila diaplikasikan di Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM)

Hypercholesterolemia is a major cause of cardiovascular disease such as coronary heart disease. Betel water (Peperomia pellucida) is a type of plants that have antioxidant compounds that could delay, retard and prevent the oxidation of lipids, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract Peperomia pellucida against total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides in the serum of white rats (Wistar) were given a diet aterogenetik, so it can be used as prevention of atherosclerosis. The active compounds contained in the water after screnning betel phytochemicals includes flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, steroids and quinones. In vivo studies conducted by true experimental method with pre and post test with control group design. Rats were divided into 3 groups: group A positive control is given aterogenetik diet, group B and C were given diet Peperomia Pellucida aterogenetik and extract orally at a dose of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg. Diet aterogenetik given as much as 20 grams per day for 14 days. Data obtained include total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides were analyzed by statistical methods Paired T Test oneway ANOVA (P < 0.05). The study of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides showed ethanol extract of Peperomia pellucida at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight can lower total cholesterol and LDL significantly, but there was no significant decline in triglycerides and can increase HDL levels.

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