Annona muricata L. leaves (AML) is used as ethnomedicine by the Dayak Abai ethnicity in North Kalimantan for its already known use to reduce blood pressure. However, the mechanism of action in the vessel is still poorly understood. Aim study to prove the mechanism of action of AML in blood vessels. AML was extracted with a maceration technique using ethanol solvent. Mechanism of action test was performed with isolated rat aortic with endothelium (endo-intact) and without endothelium (endo-denuded). AML extract intervention on rats aorta with endo-intact and endo-denuded can induction vasodilatation activity. Increasing AML extract concentration can improve decrease vasodilatation activity on isolated rats aortic with endo-intact compared to endo-denuded, it means that endothelium can weaken vasodilatation activity of aorta mediated by vascular smooth muscle after the extract was given.

The aim of this research were to known the indicator, rate factors and level of participation to determine the fisherman participation on restricted operation of trawl’s socialization, also to known effect of trawl’s operation at Ville of Pejala Subdistrict of Penajam, District of Penajam Paser Utara. The result showed that indicator rates of fisherman to operate trawl in activity are 15.94 consciously; 9.29 involved; and 8.94 helpful. Factors of participation were determined by internal factors e.i 9.6 of age; 10.6 of education; 6.9 of economic life; and 11 of length of stay, in the other hand, external factor e.i 8.3 of work duration; 12.4 of salary rate, were influenced the degree of fisherman participation on restricted operation of trawl. Based on calculation the degree is high with 65% of participation rate. The impact of trawl’s operation on long period constantly had been decrease the potential of aquatic resources.