Machines for milling asphalt concrete surfaces appeared on the highways of the Republic of Kazakhstan about ten years ago. Before that, the replacement of the old asphalt pavement took place under the deafening crack of jackhammers. Road cutters made it possible to replace this outdated technology with profiling of asphalt concrete surface. This type of work consists in removing the asphalt coating layer by cold milling. Typical characteristics of the road milling cutter: working speed of 5-7 m /min, sufficient power, traction and stability to ensure accurate maintenance of the working depth from 3.5 mm to 5 cm; automatic leveling system using a leveling beam or string; automatic control of the milling depth using guide slides; the ability to maintain a given transverse slope; auxiliary equipment for the selection of crushed material (asphalt granulate) at a given processing speed; the width of the working area of the milling strip is 2-4 m. Profiling of old asphalt pavement is an automatically controlled process of cold milling it to restore a given transverse and longitudinal profile, remove bumps, potholes, wear zones, as well as other coating defects, and as a result, obtain a surface that allows for the immediate start of movement or the laying of a fresh coating. Modern road cutters allow you to plan the old coating, texture its surface, giving it the lost coupling and noise protection properties, remove the old coating layer by layer (with an accuracy of up to mm) or immediately to the full depth, carefully open the places of laying underground pipelines and communication lines, release the old coating manholes and even level concrete floors in industrial premises. In this paper, this problem is supposed to be solved by presenting the road cutter as an automated road transport and technological manipulator operating in generalized technological coordinates for the repair of road surfaces with variable track age and due to the transition from elastic (power) to rigid (coordinate) closure of the technological scheme for milling track gauges.

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The wear of cutting elements of auto graders allowed in practice causes an increase in the cutting force by 3 to 4 times, the energy intensity of the cutting process by 1.4 to 3 times, the cost of soil development by 8 to 15 % with a decrease in productivity by 10 to 30 %. This increases the stress state of the entire machine and reduces its operational reliability. Excessive wear of cutting elements leads to economic inexpediency or practical impossibility of further operation of machines. The above-mentioned areas of research on the productive use of machines, the identification and creation of promising structures of working bodies have determined the task of further increasing the efficiency of auto graders based on improving the working elements taking into account their wear resistance.

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The research considers methods of motor graders rise of efficiency by perfecting constructions of cutting elements and working organs on the basis of rise of a resource of their work. The work contains a research of interdependence of parameters of motor graders working organs by statistical methods with the purpose of detection of the basic tendencies of their development. The basic directions of designing of motor graders working organs and most perspective constructions are detected by a method of analysis of patent solutions. The formulas for account of resistance of ground to cutting by a knife with one direct and two sloping cutting edges with allowance for an angle of declination of a knife and its wear are deduced. The regularities of a wear of the cutting elements of a blade are investigated, its influence to efficiency of work and on parameters of working organs design is detected. The maximum size of wear is determined. The requirements to motor graders working equipment are defined on the basis of conducted researches, the new constructions of multiple use knives and order of their sequential replacement are developed in correspondence with the research work. It ensures the raise of efficiency of the machine by 10…15 per cent and it increases resource of knives in comparison with a traditional construction 3…4 times as much.