In this study, 100% cotton fabrics' flame retardant properties were improved using commercial nanoclay (Cloisite 20A), clay-based montmorillonite. Flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of the samples were characterized by the vertical burning test, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface morphology of untreated and treated fabric was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was carried out for Cloisite 20A, untreated, and coated fabrics. The test results showed that the coating treatment, even at low nanoclay concentration, is enough to have a considerable flame retardant effect. This result was attributed to the barrier effect of the nanoclay.
There is a tendency to use different fibers from cotton to improve the physical properties of conventional denim fabrics, add functional properties, and follow trends and fashion. Warp and weft yarns can be produced with 100% cotton or composed of different fibers optionally for denim fabric. In this study, a piece of detailed information was given about the fibers used for denim fabrics in recent years, and the effects of the fibers were evaluated. In the results of the review, the nature of the fiber and antibacterial property is the most prominent feature nowadays for cellulosic fibers. It is quite advantageous antibacterial fibers also have additional functional properties without further processing. Wool and silk are widely used in conventional textile. They are especially preferred when thermal comfort is required in denim fabric production. Synthetic fibers are indispensable for denim especially when high performance is needed. Also, it is important for the wearer to feel comfortable, so new generations of synthetic fibers that provide high comfort are widely used. Elastane is a characteristic fiber of denim fabric and always a new type of elastane fiber is produced. Besides elastane used in flexible denim fabrics, elastomultiester fibers are popular now. These fibers do not contain elastane but they provide excellent elasticity and recovery for the fabric.
Endüstrileşmeyle birlikte artan atık miktarı, çevresel sorunları ve kirlilikleri beraberinde getirmektedir. Çağımızın en önemli sorunlarından biri de, canlıların yaşaması için en temel gereksinimlerden olan suyun endüstriyel kullanım sonunda aşırı kirlenmesidir. Renkli ve zehirli bileşenler içeren tekstil atık sularının arıtılması oldukça zordur. Bu çalışmada tekstil atık sularının renginin uygun maliyetli ve etkili bir yöntem olarak bilinen adsorpsiyonla giderilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada adsorbent olarak montmorillonit esaslı ticari bir organokil olan Cloisite 20A kullanılmış ve Reaktif Red 141 boyasının adsorpsiyonu incelenmiştir. Boyanın adsorpsiyon kinetiğini ve izoterm davranışını tespit etmek amacıyla kesikli yöntemle adsorpsiyon denemeleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemelerden önce ve sonra alınan Cloisite 20A örnekleri FTIR ve SEM analizlerine tabi tutularak karakterize edilmiştir. Adsorpsiyon denemeleri sonucunda adsorpsiyonun dengeye ulaşma süresinin başlangıç derişiminden bağımsız, uzaklaştırılan boyarmadde yüzdesinin ise başlangıç derişimine bağlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
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