ObjectiveTo investigate the early neonatal outcomes of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants discharged home from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Turkey.Material and methodsA prospective cohort study was performed between April 1, 2016 and April 30, 2017. The study included VLBW infants admitted to level III NICUs. Perinatal and neonatal data of all infants born with a birth weight of ≤1500 g were collected for infants who survived.ResultsData from 69 NICUs were obtained. The mean birth weight and gestational age were 1137±245 g and 29±2.4 weeks, respectively. During the study period, 78% of VLBW infants survived to discharge and 48% of survived infants had no major neonatal morbidity. VLBW infants who survived were evaluated in terms of major morbidities: bronchopulmonary dysplasia was detected in 23.7% of infants, necrotizing enterocolitis in 9.1%, blood culture proven late-onset sepsis (LOS) in 21.1%, blood culture negative LOS in 21.3%, severe intraventricular hemorrhage in 5.4% and severe retinopathy of prematurity in 11.1%. Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus was diagnosed in 24.8% of infants. Antenatal steroids were administered to 42.9% of mothers.ConclusionThe present investigation is the first multicenter study to include epidemiological information on VLBW infants in Turkey. Morbidity rate in VLBW infants is a serious concern and higher than those in developed countries. Implementation of oxygen therapy with appropriate monitoring, better antenatal and neonatal care and control of sepsis may reduce the prevalence of neonatal morbidities. Therefore, monitoring standards of neonatal care and implementing quality improvement projects across the country are essential for improving neonatal outcomes in Turkish NICUs.

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Möbius' syndrome, also known as Möbius' sequence, is a nonprogressive cranial dysinnervation disorder characterized by congenital facial and abducens nerve paralysis. Here, we report a 5-day-old girl who was conceived after in vitro fertilization with poor suck and facial paralysis. She had bilaterally ptosis and lateral gaze limitation, left-sided deviation of the tongue, dysmorphic face, hypoplastic fingers and finger nails on the left hand, and was diagnosed as having Möbius' syndrome. Involvement of other cranial nerves such as three, four, five, nine, 10 and 12, and limb malformations may accompany this syndrome. However, several factors have been proposed for the etiology, some rare cases have also been reported with artificial reproductive technologies. Feeding difficulties and aspiration are the main problems encountered in infancy. The other cranial nerves should be examined further in newborns who present with congenital facial palsy, and other cranial dysinnervation disorders should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Hirschprung Hastalığı enterik sinir sisteminin gelişimsel bir bozukluğu olup distal kolondaki myenterik ve submukozal pleksuslarda ganglion hücrelerinin yokluğu ile karakterizedir. Bu durum etkilenen barsak kısmında peristaltizmin yokluğuna ve fonksiyonel intestinal tıkanıklığa yol açar. Yaklaşık 5000 canlı doğumda bir görülmekte ve genellikle mekonyum çıkışında gecikme, karın distansiyonu, beslenme intoleransı ve safralı kusma ile karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Burada yenidoğan döneminde Hirschprung Hastalığı tanısı konulmuş erkek bebeğin kliniği ve radyolojik tetkikleriyle değerlendirilmesi sunulmuştur.Hirschsprung disease is a developmental disorder of the enteric nervous system and is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the distal intestine. This condition results in absence of peristalsis in the affected bowel and the development of a functional intestinal obstruction. It occurs in approximately 1 in 5000 live born infants and usually presented with delay in the meconium passage, distended abdomen, feeding intolerance and bilious vomiting. Here in, clinical and radiological evaluation of a male infant who diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease in the neonatal period was presented.

Neonatal appendicitis is a very rare event leading to acute abdomen manifestation in neonatal period, and is associated with high mortality rates. In these patients, symptoms and findings are not apparent, most of the time, urgent surgery is carried out without preoperative diagnosis; and diagnoses are made with intraoperative findings or pathological results. In the present case, a case with neonatal appendicitis that had psoas abscess with swelling and circulatory disorder in the right leg on the 15 th day of life is presented.